Table 2.
Cytotoxic activity of different extracts of Salvia species on human cancer cell lines
| Plant a | Extraction solvent |
IC
50
(μg/mL) b |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HL60 Cells | K562 cells | MCF-7 Cells | ||
| Salvia aegyptiaca | Dichloromethane | 99.7 ± 3.9 | 97.0 ± 6.2 | 116.1 ± 5.0 |
| Methanol | NA c | NA | NA | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | NA | NA | |
| Salvia aethiopis | Dichloromethane | 44.6 ± 8.2 | 41.3 ± 4.5 | 44.4 ± 5.0 |
| Methanol | NA | 50.1 ± 4.2 | 79.4 ± 12.3 | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | NA | NA | |
| Salvia eremophila | Dichloromethane | 10.5 ± 0.6 | 15.8 ± 2.9 e | 45.6 ± 1.8 |
| Methanol | 11.9 ± 1.8 | 15.6 ± 2.9 | 47.7 ± 1.9 | |
| Methanol 80% | 24.7 ± 1.9 | 42.7 ± 2.5 | 75.2 ± 6.6 | |
| Salvia hypoleuca | Dichloromethane | 53.3 ± 2.5 | 48.6 ± 2.7 | 83.0 ± 14.2 |
| Methanol | 95.7 ± 6.9 | 93.7 ± 7.7 | 105.7 ± 2.1 | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | NA | 99.4 ± 10.0 | |
| Salvia limbata | Dichloromethane | 51.0 ± 1.5 | 45.9 ± 0.7 | 64.3 ± 14.1 |
| Methanol | NA | 111.3 ± 11.4 | 148.9 ± 11.8 | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | 110.6 ± 16.3 | NA | |
| Salvia nemorosa | Dichloromethane | NA | NA | NA |
| Methanol | NA | NA | NA | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | 87.0 ± 6.7 | NA | |
| Salvia santolinifolia | Dichloromethane | 48.2 ± 1.4 | 78.7 ± 15.0 | 147.1 ± 68.1 |
| Methanol | 47.0 ± 3.5 | 49.4 ± 1.6 | 108.8 ± 9.2 | |
| Methanol 80% | 49.2 ± 1.7 | 54.6 ± 2.2 | NA | |
| Salvia syriaca | Dichloromethane | NA | NA | NA |
| Methanol | NA | NA | NA | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | NA | 75.4 ± 30.3 | |
| Salvia xanthocheila | Dichloromethane | NA | NA | NA |
| Methanol | 166.9 ± 49.4 | 72.8 ± 9.2 | 127.8 ± 12.5 | |
| Methanol 80% | NA | NA | NA | |
| Cisplatin d | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 6.9 ± 1.8 | |
a) Salvia atropatana and Salvia sclarea were also tested, but none of their extracts were active on any of the cell lines. b) Values are presented as mean ± SE of 4-5 experiments. c) NA: Not active; IC50 more than 200 μg/mL. d) Cisplatin was tested as a reference cytotoxic compound and found to be more active than all extracts with p ≤ 0.001 except for the dichloromethane extract of S. eremophila.