Effects of Rho family GTPases on directional cell migration within teardrop gelatin microchannels. (A) Time-lapse images (in hours) show the movement of NIH3T3 fibroblast mutants with constitutively activated RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 in 60°, 90°, 120° and 180° microchannels. Scale bars: 100 μm. (B) Directional ratio and net translocation of cell migration. Graphs show the movement of wild type (WT) and NIH3T3 fibroblast mutants with constitutively activated RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42. Data collected from >150 analyzed turns and >50 cells. Error bars are mean ± S.E.