Table 3.
Change in Serum Biomarkers
| Biomarker | Median Pre- Study |
Median Post- Study |
Median Absolute Change |
Median Relative Change |
Change over Time. P-Value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ELISA | |||||
| SHBG, nM | 19.3 | 27.3 | 5.2 | 39% | <0.001 |
| Estradiol, pM | 45.3 | 36.4 | −10.0 | −20% | 0.002 |
| Bioavailable Estradiol, pM | 0.91 | 0.63 | −0.24 | −31% | <0.001 |
| Testosterone, nM | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.7% | 0.99 |
| Bioavailable Testosterone, pM | 23.9 | 18.5 | −2.6 | −13% | 0.033 |
| Prolactin, ng/ml | 7.1 | 7.7 | −0.4 | −6.5% | 0.15 |
| IGF−1, nM | 14.6 | 15.3 | 0.7 | 5.9% | 0.031 |
| IGFBP−3, nM | 226 | 208 | −5 | −2.0% | 0.092 |
| IGF1:IGFBP3 ratio | 0.064 | 0.075 | 0.009 | 8.8% | 0.001 |
| CRP, μg/ml | 3.1 | 1.6 | −1.2 | −28% | 0.002 |
| Glucose, mg/dL † | 93.5 | 89.5 | −4.0 | −4.2% | 0.25 |
| Insulin, μIU/ml † | 7.8 | 4.0 | −3.4 | −40% | 0.018 |
| HOMA Index † | 1.0 | 0.9 | −0.3 | −26% | 0.23 |
| Luminex | |||||
| Adiponectin, μg/ml ‡ | 10.7 | 12.1 | 1.7 | 19% | 0.001 |
| Leptin, ng/ml ‡ | 52.6 | 28.9 | −17.8 | −37% | <0.001 |
| Adiponectin:Leptin Ratio ‡ | 213 | 526 | 308 | 130% | <0.001 |
| lL−6, pg/ml ‡ | 2.3 | 1.8 | −0.8 | −35% | 0.11 |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 8.0 | 7.8 | −0.1 | −2.6% | 0.45 |
| MCP−1, pg/ml | 392 | 412 | −6.0 | −1.4% | 0.84 |
| HGF, ng/ml | 2.3 | 2.2 | −0.4 | −17% | 0.011 |
| Resistin, ng/ml | 16.5 | 16.1 | −1.2 | −6.5% | 1.0 |
| PAI−1, ng/ml | 28.3 | 28.6 | −7.4 | −19% | 0.13 |
| Table 3A Change in serum biomarkers dichotomized by eventual weight loss of <10% vs >10%. |
| Biomarker | Median Values, <10% Weight Loss (N=11) |
Change over Time. P-Value * |
Median Values, >10% Weight Loss (N=13) |
Change over Time. P-Value * |
Compare Groups P-Value □ |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ELISA | Pre- | Post- | Change | Relative | P-value | Pre- | Post- | Change | Relative | P-value | P-Value |
| SHBG, nM | 14.2 | 15.2 | 1.7 | 11% | 0.16 | 26.4 | 49.3 | 15.0 | 57% | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Estradiol, pM | 45.7 | 41.4 | 0.0 | 0% | 0..27 | 45.1 | 34.4 | −10.0 | −30% | 0.004 | 0.022 |
| Bioavailable Estradiol, pM |
1.0 | 0.7 | −0.0 | −5% | 0.11 | 0.9 | 0.5 | −0.3 | −36% | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Testosterone, nM | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0% | 0.65 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 3% | 0.68 | 0.91 |
| Bioavailable Testosterone, pM |
25.0 | 29.0 | 0.1 | 2% | 0.42 | 17.7 | 13.8 | −3.3 | −17% | 0.036 | 0.17 |
| Prolactin, ng/ml | 8.3 | 7.8 | −0.4 | −6% | 0.11 | 6.6 | 7.6 | −0.4 | −7% | 0.81 | 0.39 |
| IGF−1, nM | 14.6 | 17.6 | 0.8 | 6% | 0.062 | 14.6 | 13.6 | 0.6 | 6% | 0.14 | 1.00 |
| IGFBP−3, nM | 227 | 209 | 2 | 1% | 0.93 | 218 | 201 | −7 | −4% | 0.075 | 0.15 |
| IGF1:IGFBP3 ratio | 0.67 | 0.077 | 0.004 | 8% | 0.016 | 0.063 | 0.071 | 0.011 | 13% | 0.023 | 0.42 |
| CRP, μg/ml | 2.7 | 1.8 | −1.4 | −8% | 0.21 | 3.5 | 1.4 | −1.0 | −39% | 0.001 | 0.17 |
| Glucose, mg/dL † | 98 | 91 | −6.0 | −7% | 0.35 | 91 | 89 | −3 | −3% | 0.60 | 0.39 |
| Insulin, μIU/ml † | 10.3 | 7.4 | −1.0 | −13% | 0.61 | 6.7 | 2.7 | −3.7 | −57% | 0.006 | 0.081 |
| HOMA Index † | 1.4 | 0.9 | −0.1 | −13% | 0.55 | 0.9 | 0.7 | −0.5 | −56% | 0.14 | 0.27 |
| Luminex | |||||||||||
| Adiponectin, μg/ml ‡ | 10.5 | 11.1 | 0.9 | 6% | 0.13 | 10.9 | 12.9 | 3.5 | 31% | 0.003 | 0.82 |
| Leptin, ng/ml ‡ | 72.4 | 56.2 | −18.3 | −21% | 0.050 | 36.0 | 17.7 | −17.2 | −61% | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Adiponectin :Leptin Ratio ‡ |
120 | 259 | 73 | 50% | 0.062 | 296 | 805 | 360 | 341% | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| lL−6, pg/ml | 2.8 | 3.7 | −0.5 | −17% | 0.50 | 2.1 | 1.4 | −0.8 | −38% | 0.08 | 0.49 |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 9.0 | 9.4 | −0.1 | −1% | 0.97 | 6.0 | 6.6 | −0.2 | −4% | 0.35 | 0.39 |
| MCP−1, pg/ml | 403 | 418 | 2 | 0.6% | 0.42 | 354 | 358 | −7 | −2% | 0.28 | 0.25 |
| HGF, ng/ml | 2.9 | 2.3 | −0.3 | −14% | 0.075 | 2.0 | 1.5 | −0.4 | −18% | 0.055 | 1.00 |
| Resistin, ng/ml | 14.5 | 15.7 | 2.1 | 34% | 0.59 | 22.2 | 16.5 | −2.4 | −8% | 0.38 | 0.49 |
| PAI−1, ng/ml | 35.7 | 37.5 | 1.3 | 6% | 0.37 | 25.1 | 22.0 | −10.5 | −36% | 0.003 | 0.005 |
Wilcoxon signed rank test (2-tailed) assessment of change in values over time (Pre-study to Post-Study).
Only included if both specimens drawn after overnight fasting.
Also performed by ELISA with similar results (See Supplement to Table 3).
Wilcoxon signed rank test (2-tailed) assessment of change in values over time (Pre-study to Post-Study) within each of the two weight loss groups.
Only included if both specimens drawn after overnight fasting.
Also performed by ELISA with similar results.
Mann-Whitney U test (2-tailed) for differences in Relative Change between the two weight loss groups. Statistically significant differences also indicated by gray shading for Relative Change values. Single underline indicates statistically significant differences in Pre-Study, Post-Study, or Absolute Change values between groups.