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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 5.
Published in final edited form as: Virus Res. 2013 Sep 8;178(1):3–11. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.09.004

Fig. 1. Routes of H5N1 species distribution.

Fig. 1

H5N1 influenza viruses cross the species barrier through close contact with infected birds, in particular domestic poultry. Contact with domestic poultry (chickens, ducks, etc.) has resulted in the inter-species transmission of H5N1 to non-avian hosts. Infrequently documented is the transmission of H5N1 from wild migratory birds to domestic and/or captive mammals. Though not documented, swine to human transmission of influenza subtypes H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2 does occur in nature.