Table 2.
Differences Between Participants Who Provided Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Compared to Participants Who Would Provide PrEP
| Characteristics | Provided PrEP in Past Year, No. (%) |
Total (n = 285a) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 238) | Yes (n = 47) | |||
| Region | .89 | |||
| New England/Mid-Atlantic | 58 (24.4) | 10 (21.3) | 68 (23.9) | |
| Midwest | 53 (22.3) | 13 (27.7) | 66 (23.2) | |
| South | 69 (29.0) | 12 (25.5) | 81 (28.4) | |
| Pacific and Mountain | 56 (23.5) | 12 (25.5) | 68 (23.9) | |
| Canada | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.7) | |
| Type of employment | .12 | |||
| Hospital/clinic | 67 (28.2) | 16 (34.0) | 83 (29.1) | |
| Private/group practice | 77 (32.4) | 18 (38.3) | 95 (33.3) | |
| University | 73 (30.7) | 13 (27.7) | 86 (30.2) | |
| Federal/VA | 21 (8.8) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (7.4) | |
| Treated HIV patients in past year | .04 | |||
| None | 10 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (3.5) | |
| 1–20 | 31 (13.0) | 4 (8.5) | 35 (12.3) | |
| 21–50 | 59 (24.8) | 9 (19.1) | 68 (23.9) | |
| >50 | 138 (58.0) | 34 (72.3) | 172 (60.4) | |
| Would provide PrEP | ||||
| To MSMb (n = 268) | .07 | |||
| Regardless of risk factors | 22 (9.8) | 10 (22.7) | 32 (11.9) | |
| With certain risk factors | 167 (74.6) | 29 (65.9) | 196 (73.1) | |
| By request | 134 (59.8) | 30 (68.2) | 164 (61.2) | |
| To heterosexualsb (n = 269) | .36 | |||
| Regardless of risk | 12 (5.4) | 5 (10.9) | 17 (6.3) | |
| With certain risk factors | 174 (78.0) | 35 (76.1) | 209 (77.7) | |
| By request | 123 (55.2) | 28 (60.9) | 151 (56.1) | |
| Considerations when prescribing PrEP | ||||
| To MSMb (n = 267) | .40 | |||
| Reporting unprotected sex | 175 (78.1) | 35 (81.4) | 210 (78.7) | |
| Reporting multiple sex partners | 168 (75.0) | 30 (69.8) | 198 (74.2) | |
| With HIV partner on HAART | 130 (58.0) | 33 (76.7) | 163 (61.0) | |
| With HIV partner not on HAART | 201 (89.7) | 37 (86.0) | 238 (89.1) | |
| With IVDU | 76 (33.9) | 15 (34.9) | 91 (34.1) | |
| Other reasons | 5 (2.2) | 1 (2.3) | 6 (2.2) | |
| To heterosexualsb (n = 262) | .08 | |||
| With unprotected sex | 131 (60.6) | 29 (63.0) | 160 (61.1) | |
| With multiple sex partners | 132 (61.1) | 23 (50.0) | 155 (59.2) | |
| With HIV partner on HAART | 128 (59.3) | 36 (78.3) | 164 (62.6) | |
| With HIV partner not on HAART | 198 (91.7) | 37 (80.4) | 235 (89.7) | |
| With IVDU | 70 (32.4) | 12 (26.1) | 82 (31.3) | |
| Other reasons | 9 (4.2) | 5 (10.9) | 14 (5.3) | |
| Frequency of performing NAT in conjunction with PrEPb (n = 276) | .053 | |||
| Before starting PrEP | 142 (62.0) | 25 (53.2) | 167 (60.5) | |
| Only when symptoms consistent with acute HIV are present | 36 (15.7) | 17 (36.2) | 53 (19.2) | |
| Monthly | 9 (3.9) | 3 (6.4) | 12 (4.3) | |
| Every 3 mo | 119 (52.0) | 20 (42.6) | 139 (50.4) | |
| Less frequently than 3 mo | 23 (10.0) | 4 (8.5) | 27 (9.8) | |
| Never | 30 (13.1) | 4 (8.5) | 34 (12.3) | |
| Would measure PrEP adherence (n = 274) | 206 (90.7) | 40 (87.0) | 246 (90.1) | .42 |
| Method of measuring PrEP adherenceb (n = 246) | .75 | |||
| Self-report | 186 (90.3) | 37 (92.5) | 223 (90.7) | |
| Pill counts | 33 (16.0) | 4 (10.0) | 37 (15.0) | |
| Pharmacy refills | 104 (50.5) | 18 (45.0) | 122 (49.6) | |
| Blood drug levels | 6 (2.9) | 2 (5.0) | 8 (3.3) | |
| Other means | 4 (1.9) | 1 (2.5) | 5 (2.0) | |
| Frequency of measuring PrEP adherence among those who did not respond “It depends”b (n = 218) | .72 | |||
| Monthly | 31 (17.1) | 8 (21.6) | 39 (17.9) | |
| Every 3 mo | 121 (66.9) | 25 (67.6) | 146 (67.0) | |
| Every 6 mo | 28 (15.5) | 4 (10.8) | 32 (14.7) | |
| Annually | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | |
| Reasons for discontinuing PrEPb (n = 274) | .36 | |||
| If adherence <80% | 132 (58.1) | 20 (42.6) | 152 (55.5) | |
| If adherence <50% | 76 (33.5) | 17 (36.2) | 93 (33.9) | |
| If pregnancy occurs | 119 (52.4) | 21 (44.7) | 140 (51.1) | |
| If any toxicity develops | 153 (67.4) | 36 (76.6) | 189 (69.0) | |
| If severe toxicity develops | 130 (57.3) | 22 (46.8) | 152 (55.5) | |
| If risk behavior decreases | 130 (57.3) | 23 (48.9) | 153 (55.8) | |
| If partner is virologically suppressed | 80 (35.2) | 10 (21.3) | 90 (32.8) | |
Abbreviations: HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IVDU, intravenous drug user; MSM, men who have sex with men; NAT, nucleic acid testing; PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis; VA, Veterans Affairs.
a Total number of responses unless indicated otherwise in Characteristics column.
b Column percentages sum to >100% because responses were not mutually exclusive (ie, participants were able to choose >1 response for each question). P values correspond to second-order Rao-Scott adjusted χ2 test.