Table 6.

Published reference data of right ventricular function by tissue Doppler and strain

Measurement	View		Sample volume	Boettler [45]	Cantenotti [59]	Cui [16]	Eidem [36]	Eidem [18]	Frommelt [19]	Goebel [37]	Harada [21]	Hershenson [60]	Hui [44]	Innelli [22]	Kapusta [47]	Koestenberger [25]	Kutty [27]	Matsui [49]	Moiduddin [13]	Mori [50]	Rafeiyian [30]	Roberson [31]	Shedeed [40]	Stines [45]	Van der Hulst [55]	Weidemann [56]
RV dyssynchrony/delay											x	x												x
RV Tissue displacement									x									x
Tissue Doppler velocites and time-intervals
Sa; Ea; Aa; Ea: Aa; Aa: Ea	A4C	TV annulus		x			x	x	x	x	x		x	x	x				x	x	x	x	x	x		x
Sa; Ea; Aa; Ea: Aa; Ea: Sa	PLAX	RV anterior wall												x
Sa	PSAX	RV outflow tract																						x
Isovolumic times					x	x	x	x	x				x				x	x		x	x	x
Deceleration time																	x			x
Systolic and diastolic times			x		x																x
Myocardial performance index				x	x						x							x			x	x
E (pulsed Doppler): Ea ratio				x			x				x		x						x
Strain
Ss, Se, Sa	A4C	RV free wall	x															x							x
RV inflow	SC RAO	RV inferior wall															x
RV outflow	SC RAO	RV free wall															x
Pulmonary annulus	SC RAO	RV free wall															x
Ss, Se, Sa	A2C	RV inferior wall																							x
Se and Sa duration		RV free wall	x
% RV Strain									x									x
RV Time to peak strain																		x						x
Strain rate
Right atrial strain																x
RV strain	A4C	RV free wall	x						x									x							x
RV strain	A2C	RV inferior wall																							x

RV, right ventricle; Sa, peak systolic velocity; Ea, early diastolic velocity; Aa, late diastolic velocity; A4C, apical four-chamber; TV, tricuspid valve; PLAX, parasternal long-axis; PSAX, parasternal short-axis; E, early diastolic velocity by pulsed Doppler; Ea, tissue Doppler early diastolic myocardial velocity; Ss, peak systolic strain; Se, peak early diastolic strain; Sa, late diastolic peak strain; SC RAO, subcostal right anterior oblique; A2C, apical two-chamber.