Table 1. Effects on biometric, hemodynamic and contractile parameters by association of anabolic steroid and exercise training.
| Variables | U | T | US | TS |
| Biometric | ||||
| BW (g) | 332±11 | 299±19 | 321±21 | 335±18 |
| TW/BW (mg/g) | 5±1 | 5±1 | 4±1* | 3±1* |
| RV/BW (mg/g) | 0.71±0.11 | 0.66±0.12 | 0.66±0.09 | 0.68±0.04 |
| LV/BW (mg/g) | 1.95±0.04 | 2.08±0.31 | 2.11±0.19* | 2.16±0.16* |
| HW/BW (mg/g) | 2.66±0,17 | 2.74±0.42 | 2.77±0.26* | 2.85±0.25* |
| PW (mg) | 7.8±0.9 | 7.8±0.8 | 7.8±1.3 | 7.9±0.7 |
| Lmax (mm) | 7.8±1.0 | 7.8±0.2 | 7.3±0.5 | 8.3±0.9 |
| CSA (mm2) | 1.01±0.11 | 0.99±0.09 | 1.06±0.14 | 0.97±0.14 |
| Hemodynamic | ||||
| HR (bpm) | 363±13 | 410±21 | 411±17 | 372±38 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 113±2 | 106±2 | 138±8* | 130±7* |
| CI (ml/min/100 g) | 38±3 | 37±5 | 55±4* # | 50±4 |
| TPR (mmHg/ml/min) | 0.90±0.07 | 0.75±0.07 | 0.80±0.08 | 0.80±0.12 |
Values expressed at mean ± SEM of BW: body weight, TW/BW: testicle weight/body weight, RV/BW: right ventricular weight/body weight, LV/BW: left ventricular weight/body weight, HW/BW: heart weight/body weight, PW: papillary weight, Lmax: muscle length papillary muscle length at optimum length, CSA: cross-sectional area, basal levels of HR: heart rate, MAP: arterial pressure, CI: cardiac index and TPR: total peripheral resistance in untrained (U), trained (T), untrained+steroid (US) and trained+steroid (TS).
*
represent statistical differences (P<0.05) from U and T.
#
represent statistical differences (P<0.05) from TS (by ANOVA–Tukey test).