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. 2014 Feb 12;9(2):e88701. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088701

Table 3. Adjusted relationships of quartiles of immunoglobulin M to metabolic syndrome (males, n = 5,673)a.

Quartiles of immunoglobulin M (range, mg/dL)
Level 1 (7.2–59.2) Level 2 (59.3–80.6) Level 3 (80.7–108.0) Level 4 (109.0–2080.0) P for trendb
(n = 1,422) (n = 1,415) (n = 1,406) (n = 1,430)
No. of Metabolic syndrome (presence of any 3 of 5 risk factors) 633 618 584 605 -
Crude Reference 0.97 (0.83, 1.12)c 0.89 (0.76, 1.03) 0.91 (0.79, 1.06) 0.16
Age-adjusted Reference 1.03 (0.89, 1.19) 0.94 (0.81, 1.10) 0.98 (0.84, 1.14) 0.54
Age- and BMI-adjusted Reference 1.05 (0.89, 1.24) 1.02 (0.87, 1.21) 1.12 (0.95, 1.33) 0.21
Multiple adjustedd Reference 1.08 (0.91, 1.27) 1.05 (0.89, 1.24) 1.15 (0.98, 1.36) 0.12
Multiple adjustede Reference 1.09 (0.92, 1.29) 1.07 (0.90, 1.26) 1.19 (1.002, 1.41) 0.07
Metabolic syndrome components
No. of elevated waist circumference (≥85 cm in males; ≥80 cm in females) 1,130 1,104 1,030 1,037 -
Crude Reference 0.92 (0.77, 1.10) 0.71 (0.59, 0.84) 0.68 (0.57, 0.81) <0.0001
Age-adjusted Reference 1.00 (0.83, 1.20) 0.77 (0.64, 0.92) 0.75 (0.63, 0.89) <0.0001
Age- and BMI-adjusted Reference 1.04 (0.80, 1.35) 0.77 (0.59, 0.99) 0.86 (0.67, 1.11) 0.08
Multiple adjustedd Reference 1.07 (0.82, 1.39) 0.77 (0.60, 1.00) 0.87 (0.67, 1.13) 0.08
Multiple adjustede Reference 1.09 (0.84, 1.42) 0.79 (0.61, 1.02) 0.90 (0.69, 1.17) 0.13
No. of elevated triglycerides (≥1.7 mmol/L) 640 676 665 703 -
Crude Reference 1.12 (0.96, 1.30) 1.10 (0.95, 1.27) 1.18 (1.02, 1.37) 0.047
Age-adjusted Reference 1.10 (0.95, 1.28) 1.08 (0.93, 1.26) 1.17 (1.01, 1.35) 0.07
Age- and BMI-adjusted Reference 1.12 (0.96, 1.31) 1.15 (0.99, 1.35) 1.29 (1.10, 1.50) <0.01
Multiple adjustedd Reference 1.14 (0.98, 1.33) 1.19 (1.02, 1.39) 1.32 (1.13, 1.54) <0.001
Multiple adjustede Reference 1.16 (0.99, 1.36) 1.22 (1.04, 1.42) 1.38 (1.17, 1.61) 0.0001
No. of reduced HDL (<1.0 mmol/L in males; <1.3 mmol/L in females) 238 265 245 281 -
Crude Reference 1.15 (0.95, 1.39) 1.05 (0.86, 1.28) 1.22 (1.01, 1.47) 0.10
Age-adjusted Reference 1.12 (0.92, 1.36) 1.03 (0.84, 1.25) 1.19 (0.98, 1.44) 0.16
Age- and BMI-adjusted Reference 1.13 (0.93, 1.38) 1.08 (0.88, 1.32) 1.27 (1.05, 1.55) 0.03
Multiple adjustedd Reference 1.15 (0.94, 1.40) 1.10 (0.90, 1.35) 1.29 (1.06, 1.57) 0.02
Multiple adjustede Reference 1.12 (0.92, 1.37) 1.07 (0.88, 1.31) 1.22 (1.00, 1.49) 0.09
No. of elevated blood pressure (systolic: ≥130 and/or diastolic: ≥85 mmHg) 806 756 718 704 -
Crude Reference 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) 0.80 (0.69, 0.93) 0.74 (0.64, 0.86) <0.0001
Age-adjusted Reference 0.98 (0.84, 1.14) 0.89 (0.77, 1.04) 0.84 (0.72, 0.97) <0.01
Age- and BMI-adjusted Reference 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) 0.94 (0.80, 1.10) 0.90 (0.77, 1.06) 0.15
Multiple adjustedd Reference 0.99 (0.85, 1.17) 0.94 (0.80, 1.10) 0.92 (0.78, 1.07) 0.21
Multiple adjustede Reference 0.98 (0.84, 1.16) 0.93 (0.79, 1.09) 0.90 (0.76, 1.05) 0.13
No. of elevated fasting glucose (≥5.56 mmol/L) 416 371 369 365 -
Crude Reference 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) 0.86 (0.73, 1.02) 0.83 (0.70, 0.98) 0.04
Age-adjusted Reference 0.95 (0.80, 1.12) 0.95 (0.81, 1.13) 0.92 (0.78, 1.09) 0.39
Age- and BMI-adjusted Reference 0.96 (0.81, 1.14) 1.00 (0.84, 1.18) 0.99 (0.83, 1.17) 0.98
Multiple adjustedd Reference 0.98 (0.83, 1.17) 1.03 (0.86, 1.22) 1.02 (0.86, 1.21) 0.72
Multiple adjustede Reference 1.01 (0.85, 1.2) 1.06 (0.89, 1.26) 1.07 (0.9, 1.28) 0.36
a

BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.

b

Multiple logistic regression analysis.

c

Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) (all such values).

d

Adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, and family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.

e

Adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, and family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, and immunoglobulin A, and G.