Table 1.
Clinical characteristics, modalities of treatment and outcome for 131 patients with canaliculitis.
| Gender | |
| Male | 47 (35.9%) |
| Female | 84 (64.1%) |
| Age (Mean, range) | 64.48 (10–103y) |
| Duration & Symptoms (Mean, range) | 81.38 w (1 w - 30 years) |
| Systemic disease | |
| DM | 59 (45%) |
| Hypertension | 35 (26.7%) |
| Ocular History | |
| Blephritis | 21 (16%) |
| Punctal Plugs | 3 (3.2%) |
| Honey use | 3 (3.2%) |
| Clinical manifestations | |
| Discharge | 90 (68.7%) |
| Tearing | 53 (40.5%) |
| Concretions | 45 (34.4%) |
| Swelling | 35 (26.7%) |
| Erythema | 32 (24.4%) |
| Pain | 28 (21.4%) |
| Pouting Punctum | 26 (19.8%) |
| Itching | 22 (16.8%) |
| Irritation | 9 (6.9%) |
| Burning sensation | 8 (6.1%) |
| Foreign body sensation | 8 (6.1%) |
| Bloody tearing | 2 (1.5%) |
| Decrease VA | 1 (0.8%) |
| Location | |
| Upper Canaliculus only | 39 (29.8%) |
| Lower Canaliculus only | 65 (49.6%) |
| Both | 27 (20.6%) |
| Laterality | |
| Right | 56 (42.7%) |
| Left | 71 (54.2%) |
| Bilateral | 4 (3.1%) |
| Lacrimal irrigation | |
| Patent | 67 (51.1%) |
| Obstructed | 41 (31.1%) |
| Not done | 23 (17.6%) |
| Treatment | |
| Topical Antibiotics | 131 (100%) |
| Antibiotic Irrigation | 101 (77.1%) |
| Canaliculotomy | 33 (25.2%) |
| DCR | 14 (10.7%) |
| Outcome | |
| Recurrence | 17 (13%) |
| Resolution | 114 (87%) |