Table I.
Demographics, clinical characteristics, and cardiovascular risk factors of 343 patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia treated with ORs or ERs
| All patients, N = 343, % |
OR
|
ER
|
P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 187 | % | n = 156 | % | |||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 68 ± 13 | 65 ± 12 | 72 ± 12 | .01 | ||
| Female gender | 256 (75) | 143 | 77 | 113 | 72 | .7 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Abdominal pain | 324 (94) | 177 | 95 | 147 | 94 | .9 |
| Weight loss | 285 (83) | 159 | 85 | 126 | 80 | .7 |
| Food fear | 179 (52) | 97 | 52 | 82 | 52 | 1.0 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 91 (26) | 50 | 27 | 41 | 26 | .9 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||
| Hypertension | 271 (79) | 137 | 73 | 134 | 85 | .3 |
| Smoking | 237 (69) | 148 | 79 | 89 | 57 | .05 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 195 (57) | 92 | 49 | 103 | 66 | .1 |
| Coronary artery disease | 170 (49) | 70 | 37 | 100 | 64 | .004 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 140 (41) | 73 | 39 | 67 | 43 | .7 |
| Prior vascular surgery | 91 (26) | 46 | 25 | 45 | 29 | .9 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 93 (27) | 37 | 19 | 56 | 36 | .01 |
| COPD | 82 (24) | 35 | 19 | 47 | 30 | .05 |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | 66 (19) | 27 | 14 | 39 | 25 | .04 |
| Diabetes | 66 (19) | 30 | 16 | 36 | 23 | .2 |
| Arrhythmia | 65 (19) | 30 | 16 | 35 | 22 | .2 |
| Valve disease | 51 (15) | 22 | 12 | 29 | 18 | .1 |
| Congestive heart failure | 43 (12) | 13 | 7 | 30 | 19 | .002 |
| Society for Vascular Surgery (mean ± SD)a | ||||||
| Age | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | <.001 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | <.001 | ||
| Cardiac (×4) | 3.6 ± 4.0 | 2.7 ± 3.5 | 4.5 ± 4.5 | <.001 | ||
| Pulmonary (×2) | 0.8 ± 1.7 | 0.7 ± 1.4 | 1.0 ± 1.9 | .06 | ||
| Renal (×2) | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.4 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 1.3 | <.001 | ||
| Sum | 9.0 ± 7.0 | 6.5 ± 5.4 | 9.7 ± 6.0 | <.001 | ||
| Clinical risk categories | ||||||
| Low risk | 185 | 125 | 67 | 59 | 38 | .003 |
| Moderate risk | 109 | 53 | 28 | 56 | 36 | .3 |
| High risk | 50 | 9 | 5 | 41 | 26 | <.001 |
| Medical therapy | ||||||
| 1991-1999b | ||||||
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 66 (19) | 43 | 42 | 23 | 72 | 0.1 |
| Clopidogrel | 8 (2) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 12 | 0.2 |
| β-blockers | 27 (8) | 23 | 23 | 4 | 12 | 0.3 |
| Statins | 23 (7) | 21 | 21 | 2 | 6 | 0.2 |
| 2000-2010c | ||||||
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 155 (45) | 53 | 62 | 102 | 82 | 0.2 |
| Clopidogrel | 119 (35) | 18 | 21 | 101 | 81 | <0.001 |
| β-blockers | 114 (33) | 44 | 52 | 70 | 56 | 0.8 |
| Statins | 105 (31) | 38 | 45 | 67 | 54 | 0.5 |
COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ER, endovascular revascularization; OR, open revascularization; SD, standard deviation.
Clinical risk was estimated by using the Society for Vascular Surgery comorbidity score based on the presence of one or more comorbidities (ie, cardiac, pulmonary, and renal). This grading score has not been validated in a prospective study of patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia.
a
Based on the Society for Vascular Surgery comorbidity score risk statistic3
b
n = 102 OR patients; n = 32 ER patients.
c
n = 85 OR patients; n = 124 ER patients.