. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Dec;88(12):1378–1387. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.09.012

Table 2.

Comparison of Metabolic Responses to Daily or Single Dose Vitamin D Supplementation Regimens.

	Vitamin D 5000 IU Daily Dose (N=20)		Vitamin D 150,000 IU Single Dose (N=20)
	Concentration	Increment	Concentration	Increment
Maternal Serum
Cholecalciferol (ng/mL)
Day 0	2.6 ± 1.4		4.7 ±6.0
Day 1	10.6 ± 3.8^a	8.0 ± 3.0^a	160.0 ± 38.8^a ^b	155.2 ± 37.8^a ^b
Day 3	14.7 ± 3.7^a	12.1 ± 3.0^a	57.9 ± 15.7^a ^b	53.1 ± 13.5^a ^b
Day 7	17.2 ± 4.6^a	14.5 ± 4.0^a	17.6 ± 7.6^a	12.9 ± 6.1^a
Day 14	18.5 ± 6.2^a	16.0 ± 5.8^a	9.5 ± 5.1^a ^b	4.8 ± 3.7^a ^b
Day 28	18.3 ± 5.2^a	15.7 ± 4.9^a	7.0 ± 6.3^a ^b	2.1 ± 2.9^a ^b
25(OH)D (ng/mL)
Day 0	28.8 ± 9.2		29.3 ± 7.5
Day 1	30.7 ± 9.7	1.9 ± 3.5^a	43.3 ± 9.7^a ^b	14.0 ± 3.7^a ^b
Day 3	31.8 ± 8.9^a	2.7 ± 3.7^a	50.0 ± 10.2^a ^b	21.2 ± 4.0^a ^b
Day 7	34.3 ± 8.6^a	5.0 ±3.6^a	47.5 ± 9.6^a ^b	18.2 ± 4.9^a ^b
Day 14	38.6 ± 10.3^a	9.7 ± 3.4^a	45.3 ± 9.5^a	16.0 ± 4.7^a ^b
Day 28	43.9 ± 11.8^a	15.0 ± 5.7^a	41.2 ± 8.9^a	11.9 ± 4.2^a
1,25(OH)₂D (pg/mL)
Day 0	52.0 ± 10.7		60.4 ± 24.9
Day 1	58.6 ± 12.0^a	6.2 ± 20.2	64.2 ± 17.6	6.0 ± 10.2^a
Day 3	58.2 ± 12.2	−0.3 ± 22.3	59.6 ± 16.8	7.0 ± 14.0
Day 7	56.8 ± 13.2	0.2 ± 0.6	61.0 ± 9.0	2.2 ± 1.2^a ^b
Day 14	55.0 ± 11.3	6.9 ± 21.4	67.1 ± 15.2^b	3.9 ± 13.3
Day 28	57.5 ± 12.6	4.0 ± 25.4	65.1 ± 16.9	7.0 ± 14.5
Calcium (mg/dL)
Day 0	9.6 ± 0.3		9.6 ± 0.4
Day 1	9.6 ± 0.4	−0.01 ± 0.38	9.7 ± 0.4	0.07 ± 0.37
Day 3	9.6 ± 0.4	0.04 ± 0.42	9.7 ± 0.5	0.08 ± 0.36
Day 7	9.6 ± 0.5	0.04 ± 0.43	9.6 ± 0.4	0.01 ± 0.33
Day 14	9.7 ± 0.4	0.13 ± 0.34	9.8 ± 0.5	0.13 ± 0.32
Day 28	9.7 ± 0.4	0.19 ± 0.41	9.7 ± 0.4	0.14 ± 0.39
Phosphorus (mg/dL)
Day 0	4.1 ± 0.6		4.2 ± 0.5
Day 1	4.2 ± 0.7	0.18 ± 0.48	4.4 ± 0.5	0.17 ± 0.58
Day 3	4.5 ± 0.7^a	0.45 ± 0.57^a	4.5 ± 0.5^a	0.27 ± 0.37^a
Day 7	4.3 ± 0.6	0.22 ± 0.45^a	4.3 ± 0.5	0.11 ± 0.47
Day 14	4.3 ± 0.7	0.27 ± 0.51^a	4.3 ± 0.6	0.10 ± 0.51
Day 28	4.3 ± 0.6	0.23 ± 0.58	4.2 ± 0.4	0.0 ± 0.40
Maternal breast milk
Cholecalciferol (ng/mL)^c
Day 0	<7.0		<7.0
Day 1	<7.0		39.7 ± 16.2^a ^b
Day 3	8.0 ± 3.7^a		24.6 ± 8.9^a ^b
Day 7	7.2 ± 4.8		11.2 ± 4.7^a
Day 14	8.6 ± 5.4^a		<7.0
Day 28	7.7 ± 3.7^a		<7.0
Maternal urine calcium/creatinine (mg/g)
Day 0	72.0 ± 52.6		74.6 ± 46.6
Day 1	72.5 ± 57.2	0.5 ± 47.6	98.4 ± 65.0	23.8 ± 48.9^a
Day 3	77.8 ± 64.0	5.8 ± 46.9	87.7 ± 77.2	13.1 ± 65.0
Day 7	72.9 ± 62.8	−0.6 ± 58.9	104.9 ± 71.9^a	30.3 ± 55.8^a
Day 14	94.2 ± 104.5	22.2 ± 74.2	100.1 ± 44.2^a	25.5 ± 38.9^a
Day 28	106.7 ± 98.4^a	34.7 ± 71.8^a	114.2 ± 70.3^a	39.6 ± 71.5^a
Infant Serum
25(OH)D (ng/mL)
Day 0	16.9 ± 12.9		16.3 ± 12.4
Day 28	39.2 ± 6.3^a	22.2 ± 10.6^a	38.7 ± 11.7^a	22.4 ± 5.6^a
Calcium (mg/dL)
Day 0	11.0 ± 0.3		11.0 ± 0.3
Day 28	10.9 ± 0.3	−0.09 ± 0.39	10.9 ± 0.3	−0.05 ± 0.36
Phosphorus (mg/dL)
Day 0	6.1 ± 0.6		6.5 ± 0.5
Day 28	6.0 ± 0.5	−0.08 ± 0.41	6.2 ± 0.5	−0.33 ± 0.54^a

p<.05 for comparison with baseline values

p<.05 for comparison with daily dose group

Mean breast milk cholecalciferol values below the limit of quantitation are designated as <7.0 ng/mL