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. 2014 Feb 13;9(2):e88339. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088339

Table 3. Genome sizes, C+G contents, and correlations between genome or chromosome size and C+G content in different phyla and species analyzed.

Kingdom, phylum, or speciesa No. of chrsb Average genome sizec Genome C+G contentd (%) Genome (A+T)/(C+G) ratio Spearman correlation (chr size and C+G)e (R)
Archaeans
Crenarchaeota 42 2,072,521 43.2 1.32 −0.52f **
Euryarchaeota 6 3,388,400 63.3 0.58 0.60 NS
Nanoarchaeota 8 135,584 27.6 2.62 0.62 NS
Thaumarchaeota 5 1,970,970 43.0 1.33 0.50 NS
Bacteria: Gram-positive
Actinobacteria 37 5,162,387 67.0 0.49 0.73 **
Firmicutes 59 3,360,830 40.1 1.49 0.03 NS
Tenericutes 88 857,257 29.3 2.41 0.11 NS
Bacteria: Gram-negative
Aquificae 14 1,638,805 38.7 1.59 −0.06 NS
Deinococcus 7 3,064,306 67.3 0.49 0.18 NS
Fusobacteria 7 2,499,267 30.2 2.31 0.43 NS
Nitrospirae 4 2,821,645 51.6 0.94 0.80 NS
Planctomycetes 33 1,892,222 58.4 0.71 0.33 NS
Proteobacteria 130 3,195,588 53.3 0.88 0.84 **
Spirochaetes 47 1,937,957 43.0 1.32 0.27 NS
Verrucomicrobia 4 3,664,906 57.5 0.73 0.80 NS
Fungi
Ascomycota 61 17,487,539 48.2 1.08 0.47 **
Basidiomycota 42 18,762,089 48.2 1.08 0.05 NS
Microsporidia 36 2,218,723 41.8 1.39 0.14 NS
Protists
Alveolata 7 8,125,950 26.5 2.77 0.14 NS
Cryptophyta 14 540,299 26.0 2.84 −0.27 NS
Dicot plants
Arabidopsis thaliana 5 118,960,141 36 1.78 −0.20 NS
Medicago truncatula 8 245,176,270 33.2 2.02 −0.31 NS
Populus trichocarpa 20 260,960,130 33.3 2 −0.06 NS
Solanum lycopersicum g 10 718,969,627 34 1.95 0.49 NS
Solanum tuberosum 12 578,393,875 34.7 1.88 0.64 *
Vitis vinifera 19 290,237,009 34.4 1.9 0.37 NS
Monocot plants
Brachypodium distachyon 10 224,012,348 46.3 1.16 −0.47 NS
Oryza sativa 12 370,733,456 43.6 1.3 0.47 NS
Sorghum bicolor 9 549,132,399 43.8 1.28 0.32 NS
Zea mays 10 2,031,824,535 46.9 1.13 −0.44 NS
Animals: non-mammalian
Apis mellifera 14 164,585,183 34.7 1.88 0.27 NS
Caenorhabditis elegans 6 100,269,912 35.4 1.82 −0.54 NS
Danio rerio 26 1,474,835,229 36.8 1.72 0.27 NS
Drosophila melanogaster 6 120,290,946 42.4 1.36 0.26 NS
Gallus gallus 33 1,169,412,079 42.1 1.37 −0.81 **
Taeniopygia guttata 35 1,014,970,640 41.0 1.44 −0.91 **
Animals: non-primate mammalian
Bos taurus 9 1,068,912,767 40.9 1.44 0.02 NS
Canis lupus familiaris 11 898,613,247 41.8 1.39 −0.08 NS
Equus caballus 32 2,335,454,483 41.2 1.42 −0.10 NS
Mus musculus 26 1,135,801,574 41.2 1.42 0.21 NS
Oryctolagus cuniculus 23 2,603,978,348 43.7 1.29 −0.50 **
Rattus norvegicus 45 5,058,733,204 42 1.38 −0.23 NS
Sus scrofa 19 2,231,281,778 41.7 1.4 0.01 NS
Animals: primate
Callithrix jacchus 23 2,177,235,585 41.1 1.43 −0.31 NS
Homo sapiens 190 2,804,441,965 40.9 1.44 −0.12 NS
Macaca mulatta 23 2,871,002,222 40.9 1.45 −0.48 *
Pan troglodytes 25 2,752,354,403 40.7 1.46 −0.56 **
Pongo abelii 26 3,093,520,335 40.7 1.46 −0.43 **
a

From archaeans to protists: by phylum or large group; from plants to animals: by species.

b

The number of chromosomes. Because archaeans and bacteria (except for the three archaean species in the Euryarchaeota group, as shown in Figure 7) have one chromosome per cell, the number equals the genome number (except for the Euryarchaeota group of archaeans. Euryarchaeota. The average genome size in Euryarchaeota was 3,388,400 bp).

c

From archaeans to protists: average genome size of all the species in the phylum or large group; from animals to plants: genome size of the species.

d

The overall C+G content when all the genomes or chromosomes were pooled.

e

The size and C+G content of each chromosome were calculated first, and then sizes and C+G contents were used to calculate the Spearman R value.

f

R  = 0.04 after removing Sulfolobus spp.

g

Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) chromosomes 8 and 12 were omitted from this calculation because NCBI did not have the complete sequences of those chromosomes at the time of downloading.

*, **, and NS: Significant (P<0.05), highly significant (P<0.01) and not significant (P>0.05) according to the “algorithm AS 89” test (see Methods for more details).