Figure 1. Therapeutic vaccination approach based on exome sequencing and peptide affinity prediction. Exome sequencing should be applied to malignant vs. matched non-transformed cells to identify tumor-specific somatic mutations. (1) The binding affinity of tumor-specific peptides for MHC molecules should be predicted with a dedicated algorithm. (2) Salmonella typhimurium A1-R should be engineered to express high-affinity peptide/s and used for anticancer vaccination (3). This approach has potential to rescue cytokine production by tumor-specific CD8⁺ T cells within neoplastic lesions, leading to the regression of established tumors.