Table 3.
Clinical and haematological characteristics of 90 severe and 491 non-severe typhoid fever patients
| Characteristic | Severe or fatal n = 90 | Non-severe n = 491 | OR | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Signs & symptoms |
|
|
|
|
|
| Abdominal pain |
45 (50.0) |
133 (27.1) |
2.69 |
1.70-4.26 |
<0.001 |
| Constipation |
29 (32.2) |
105 (21.4) |
1.75 |
1.07-2.86 |
0.025 |
| Diarrhoea |
62 (68.9) |
259 (52.7) |
1.98 |
1.23-3.21 |
0.005 |
| Vomiting |
30 (33.3) |
86 (17.5) |
2.36 |
1.43-3.87 |
0.001 |
| Cough |
21 (23.3) |
110 (22.4) |
1.05 |
0.62-1.80 |
0.846 |
| Headache |
42 (46.7) |
178 (36.3) |
1.54 |
0.98-2.42 |
0.061 |
| Temperature >40°C |
50 (58.1) |
268 (56.5) |
1.07 |
0.67-1.70 |
0.783 |
| Systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg |
9 (10.0) |
16 (3.3) |
3.30 |
1.41-7.72 |
0.004 |
| Hepatomegaly |
62 (68.9) |
241 (49.1) |
2.30 |
1.42-3.71 |
0.001 |
| Splenomegaly |
19 (21.1) |
82 (16.7) |
1.34 |
0.76-2.33 |
0.310 |
| Rash |
5 (5.6) |
10 (2.0) |
2.83 |
0.94-8.48 |
0.053 |
|
Haematology |
|
|
|
|
|
| Haematocrit <30%1 |
23 (26.7) |
49 (11.3) |
2.85 |
1.63-5.01 |
<0.001 |
| White cell count <4×109/L2 |
10 (11.1) |
30 (6.1) |
1.92 |
0.90-4.07 |
0.086 |
| White cell count >15×109/L2 |
5 (5.6) |
6 (1.2) |
4.75 |
1.42-15.90 |
0.006 |
| Platelet count <100×109L 3 |
7 (9.9) |
20 (5.8) |
1.77 |
0.72-4.35 |
0.211 |
| SGOT > 200 IU/L4 |
33 (63.5) |
30 (17.9) |
7.99 |
4.01-15.91 |
<0.001 |
| SGPT > 200 IU/L4 | 28 (53.8) | 16 (9.5) | 11.08 | 5.24-23.47 | <0.001 |
1n = 518.
2n = 580.
3n = 414.
4n = 220.