PBA reduces the up-regulation of CD36 and ER stress markers in apoE−/− mice. Male apoE−/− mice were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, and given saline (model group) or 100 mg/kg of PBA (PBA group) per day by intraperitoneal injection during the final 4 weeks. Male C57BL/6J mice were maintained on normal chow diet as a control group. A, representative immunostained aortic sinus sections using specific antibodies against MOMA-2, GRP78, and CD36. Scale bar, 50 μm. B, densitometric quantification of MOMA-2, GRP78, and CD36 positive cells per field of view. C, representative sections of aortic roots stained with oil red O. D, quantitative analysis of lesion area in oil red O-stained aortic sections by Image-Pro Plus software. E, Western blot analysis of CD36 and ER stress markers in peritoneal macrophages. F, Western blot analysis of CD36 and ER stress markers in aortic arch. Data are presented as the mean ± S.E. of at least three independent experiments. *, p < 0.05, **, p < 0.01 versus control group; #, p < 0.05.