TABLE 1.

The effects of chronic RAPA treatment on the cardiac proteins of type 2 diabetic mice

The following 21 positively protein spots were identified by proteomic analysis with 2D-DIGE and MALDI-TOF/TOF, which are differentially expressed among the three groups (wild-type control C57, db/db, and db/db + RAPA). The data are listed according to the high to low fold change ratio of protein abundance between db/db and db/db RAPA hearts. The cutoff ratio of change was ±1.5.

Protein name	2D-DIGE spot	Molecular mass	(db/db)/wild-type C57 ratio	(db/dbRAPA)/(db/db) ratio	RAPA effect
		kDa
Antioxidant proteins
Peroxisomal membrane protein 20 (peroxiredoxin 5)	89	17.0	6.48↑	1.71↑	Induced
Ferritin heavy chain 1	86	21.1	1.59↑	1.57↑	Induced
Cytoskeletal/contractile proteins
Myosin, light polypeptide 2	83	18.9	2.06↑	1.98↓	Reversed
Myosin, heavy polypeptide 6α	1	223.4	1.36↓	1.81↑	Reversed
Nebulette	13	101.1	1.09↑	1.78↑	Induced
Myosin-binding protein C	7	140.5	1.62↓	1.50↑	Reversed
Glucose metabolism proteins
Pgm2	33	63.4	1.40↓	2.24↑	Induced
Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α	59	43.2	1.02↑	1.71↓	Reduced
PYGB	11,12	67.0	1.01, 1.03↓	1.7, 2.7↑	Induced
Proteins with other functions
α-Fetoprotein	25	47.2	1.32↓	3.09↑	Induced
Fibrinogen-γ	41,42	49.3	1.84↑, 1.11↓	2.22, 2.08↑	Induced
Fibrinogen-α	36	63	1.49↓	2.38↑	Induced
Fibrinogen-β	39,40	54.7	1.32↓, 1.3↑	1.86, 2.35↑	Induced
Carbonic anhydrase I	75	28.3	1.38↑	1.96↑	Induced
Carbonic anhydrase II	72	29	1.03↑	2.2↑	Induced
Hemoglobin-β	94	15.6	1.79↑	1.99↑	Induced
Heat shock protein β-7	87	18.6	1.34↑	1.92↓	Reduced
Serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor	26	46.6	1.81↓	1.9↓	Reduced
Transferrin	19	76.6	1.43↓	1.55↑	Induced
Pantothenate kinase 4	18	86.3	1.02↓	1.52↑	Induced
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase β	27	58.9	1.85↓	1.5↑	Induced