Table 2.
Use of preventive servicesby respondents 65 years and over (n = 1,649) according to sociodemographic variables, health and socioeconomic status, and after adjustment for age and sex.
| Preventive Service | Pneumococcus Immunization (in past 5 years) |
Influenza Immunization (in past year) |
Blood Cholesterol Measurement (in past 5 years) |
Blood Sugar Measurement (in past 3 years) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 1.04 (1.02–1.05) *** | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) | 1.01 (1.00–1.03) |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 0.72 (0.55–0.93) *** | 0.83 (0.67–1.02) | 1.24 (0.93–1.66) | 1.20 (0.95–1.52) |
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Region | ||||
| Flemish region | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Brussels region | 2.17 (1.55–3.03) *** | 0.87 (0.66–1.13) | 1.23 (0.85–1.77) | 1.56 (1.15–2.12) ** |
| Walloon region | 1.61 (1.17–2.21) ** | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 1.41 (1.00–1.98) * | 1.36 (1.05–1.77) *** |
| Year | ||||
| 2004 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2008 | 0.93 (0.72–1.21) | 1.15 (0.94–1.42) | 1.70 (1.25–2.32) *** | 1.62 (1.28–2.06) *** |
| Living situation | ||||
| with other(s) at home | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| living alone | 0.56 (0.42–0.75) *** | 0.80 (0.64–0.99) *** | 0.85 (0.62–1.67) | 1.09 (0.85–1.40) |
| Self-assessed health | ||||
| good to very good health | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| fair, bad to very bad | 1.22 (0.94–1.59) | 1.62 (1.31–2.01) *** | 1.54 (1.13–2.11) ** | 1.28 (1.01–1.63) ** |
| Longstanding illness or health problem | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1.41 (1.09–1.83) ** | 1.55 (1.26–1.91) *** | 2.05 (1.50–2.81) *** | 1.76 (1.38–2.24) *** |
| BMI | ||||
| <18.5 | 2.45 (1.23–4.89) ** | 1.01 (0.53–1.95) | 0.45 (0.21–0.96) * | 0.46 (0.24–0.88) * |
| 18.5–25 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 25–30 | 1.24 (0.93–1.65) | 1.47 (1.17–1.85) *** | 1.10 (0.79–1.52) | 1.17 (0.90–1.52) |
| 30+ | 0.96 (0.62–1.48) | 1.41 (1.02–1.95) * | 1.13 (0.70–1.82) | 1.00 (0.70–1.43) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| never | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| former | 1.21 (0.88–1.67) | 0.97 (0.75–1.26) | 1.40 (0.96–2.04) | 1.21 (0.90–1.63) |
| occasionally/daily | 1.45 (0.95–2.20) | 0.76 (0.54–1.07) | 0.93 (0.58–1.49) | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) |
| Physical activity | ||||
| ≥30 min/day | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| <30 min/day | 1.43 (1.00–2.04) | 1.14 (0.88–1.48) | 0.76 (0.51–1.13) | 0.97 (0.71–1.31) |
| Highest level of education within the household | ||||
| No degree or primary education | 0.65 (0.45–0.94) * | 1.05 (0.78–1.40) | 0.44 (0.28–0.67) *** | 0.48 (0.34–0.69) *** |
| Lower secondary | 0.81 (0.55–1.81) | 1.07 (0.79–1.45) | 0.59 (0.37–0.95) * | 0.57 (0.39–0.82) ** |
| Higher secondary | 1.04 (0.73–1.49) | 1.04 (0.77–1.40) | 0.65 (0.41–1.05) | 0.58 (0.41–0.83) ** |
| Higher education | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Equivalent household income (€) | ||||
| <750 | 2.69 (0.79–9.12) | 1.31 (0.70–2.44) | 0.78 (0.33–1.86) | 0.80 (0.39–1.64) |
| 750–1,000 | 3.06 (0.92–10.15) | 1.21 (0.66–2.21) | 1.05 (0.45–2.47) | 0.99 (0.49–1.99) |
| 1,000–1,500 | 3.10 (0.94–10.15) | 1.74 (0.96–3.14) | 1.35 (0.59–3.13) | 1.05 (0.53–2.09) |
| 1,500–2,500 | 4.04 (1.21–13.54) * | 1.28 (0.67–2.40) | 1.32 (0.54–3.22) | 1.21 (0.58–2.51) |
| >2,500 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Notes: Complete case analyses, after adjustment for age and gender; Odds ratios (ORs); 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p values (Wald Chi-square test); * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001.