Table 2.
Relation between low birth weight and potential mediators.
| Total N = 2,159 | Low Birth Weight | No Low Birth Weight | p for |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 174 (8.1%) | N = 1,985 (91.9%) | Trend | |
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Maternal height (cm) | 164.3 (5.9) | 167.6 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| Paternal height (cm) | 178.8 (6.9) | 180.3 (7.2) | 0.016 |
| Maternal BMI (% underweight) | 6.6 | 2.1 | <0.001 |
| Paternal BMI (% underweight) | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.481 |
| Gestational gain in weight (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Low | 40.3 | 15.6 | |
| Medium | 42.3 | 55.8 | |
| High | 17.4 | 28.6 | |
| Health-related behavior | |||
| Smoking during pregnancy (%) | <0.001 | ||
| No | 65.5 | 82.3 | |
| Moderately | 19.5 | 12.2 | |
| Regularly | 14.9 | 5.5 |
Notes: BMI = body mass index. Data were missing for maternal height (N = 25), paternal height (N = 239), maternal BMI (N = 37), paternal BMI (N = 271), gestational gain in weight (N = 149), and smoking during pregnancy (N = 9). Values are percentages for categorical factors, or means (with standard deviations) for continuous factors. P-values for trend are derived from chi-squared tests for trend (categorical factors) or from the linear trend test of the one-way analysis of variance.