Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Sample
| Sample | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Full sample | NRS-11 | FLACC | Relaxation |
| Patients (n)a | 519 | 230 | 113 | 286 |
| Mean age (SD) (y) | 10.2 (7.0) | 14.0 (4.8) | 3.4 (4.3) | 10.1 (6.4) |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 295 (57) | 98 (43) | 58 (51) | 131 (46) |
| Female | 224 (43) | 132 (57) | 55 (49) | 155 (54) |
| Ethnicity, n (%)b | ||||
| White | 382 (74) | 178 (77) | 77 (68) | 210 (73) |
| African-American/black | 91 (18) | 31 (14) | 23 (20) | 52 (18) |
| Other | 27 (5) | 8 (4) | 5 (4) | 10 (4) |
| Unknown | 19 (4) | 11 (5) | 8 (7) | 13 (5) |
| Therapy type, n (%) | ||||
| Manipulative therapy | 393 (76) | 179 (78) | 80 (71) | 222 (78) |
| Energy therapy | 107 (20) | 45 (20) | 28 (25) | 60 (21) |
| Combination therapyc | 171 (33) | 117 (51) | 44 (39) | 100 (35) |
| Other | 14 (3) | 3 (1) | 4 (3) | 4 (1) |
| Missing | 5 (1) | 3 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) |
a
Subsamples do not sum to the full sample because of overlap between pain and relaxation participants.
b
Total percentages do not always sum to 100% because of rounding.
c
Manipulative therapies combined with energy therapies administered consecutively during the same integrative care visit.
FLACC, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability; NRS-11, Numerical Rating Scale; SD, standard deviation.