Table 7.
Univariate and multivariate hazard ratios for the association between male circumcision and clearance of persistent genital HPV infection
| |
Any HPV |
Oncogenic HPV |
Non-Oncogenic HPV |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
|
Univariate
a
|
Multivariate
b
|
|
|
Univariate
a
|
Multivariate
c
|
|
|
Univariate
a
|
Multivariate
d
|
| Circumcision | Inf./ Total | % | HR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | Inf./ Total | % | HR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | Inf./ Total | % | HR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) |
|
No |
1474/ 3102 |
47.5 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
610/ 1128 |
54.1 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
864/ 1974 |
43.8 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Yes |
836/ 1686 |
49.6 |
0.94 (0.84 – 1.05) |
0.99 (0.88 – 1.12) |
324/ 645 |
50.2 |
0.76 (0.64 – 0.91) |
0.84 (0.70 – 1.01) |
512/ 1041 |
49.2 |
1.07 (0.92 – 1.25) |
1.10 (0.94 – 1.29) |
| Total | 2310/ 4788 | 934/ 1773 | 1376/ 3015 | |||||||||
a Adjusted for age and country;
bCox model stratified by country and age, and adjusted for lifetime number of female sexual partners, recent number of male anal sex partners, smoking status, HPV status at baseline, and six-month visit compliance status;
cCox model stratified by country and age, and adjusted for lifetime number of female sexual partners, lifetime number of male anal sex partners, HPV status at baseline, and six-month visit compliance status;
dCox model stratified by country and age, and adjusted for recent number of female sexual partners, recent number of male anal sex partners, smoking status, HPV status at baseline, and six-month visit compliance status.
NOTE: Unit of analysis: infections; Excluded 120 infections that were a combination of persistent and transient infection; Abbreviations: Inf., infections; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; AHR, adjusted hazard ratio.