Table 2. Resource use, cost and outcome in the combined PATCH trials.

	Antibiotic,	N = 196	Placebo,	N = 201
	Mean	(SD)	Mean	(SD)	Δ*	(95% CI )	p
GP visits	3.41	(17.90)	2.84	(11.64)	0.57	(−2.20 to 3.68)	0.76
Community nurse visits	6.61	(44.32)	2.13	(14.10)	4.48	(−1.08 to 11.64)	0.22
Inpatient stays	0.16	(0.56)	0.15	(0.55)	0.00	(−0.11 to 0.11)	0.94
Inpatient days	0.98	(3.66)	2.06	(15.25)	−1.08	(−3.59 to 0.53)	0.46
Outpatient visits	0.41	(1.63)	0.61	(3.04)	−0.19	(−0.73 to 0.23)	0.46
Days off work	3.17	(14.98)	5.10	(19.61)	−1.94	(−5.38 to 1.33)	0.27
Drugs cost+
Study, rc = 0%	29.82	−	0.00	−	29.82	(28.63 to 30.95)	<0.001
Non-study, rc = 0%	16.22	(65.32)	18.23	(55.86)	−2.01	(−14.49 to 9.80)	0.76
NHS treatment cost+
rc = 0%	722	(2090)	927	(4931)	−205	(−1049 to 402)	0.63
rc = 3.5%	704	(2034)	900	(4768)	−197	(−1009 to 387)	0.63
rc = 5%	696	(2011)	889	(4702)	−193	(−992 to 384)	0.63
Societal Cost+
rc = 0%	1069	(2750)	1486	(6437)	−417	(−1479 to 383)	0.48
rc = 3.5%	1047	(2698)	1452	(6240)	−406	(−1440 to 375)	0.48
rc = 5%	1038	(2678)	1439	(6159)	−401	(−1426 to 371)	0.48
Recurrence rate
rc = 0%	0.755	(1.278)	1.060	(1.434)	−.305	(−0.588 to −0.050)	0.02
rc = 3.5%	0.732	(1.233)	1.034	(1.394)	−.303	(−0.575 to −0.054)	0.02
rc = 5%	0.722	(1.215)	1.024	(1.378)	−.302	(−0.572 to −0.056)	0.02

*Δ: Antibiotic – Placebo.

⁺2010 costs; r_c refers to the discount rates applied to costs distributed over time.