Table 2.
Characteristic of the groups and the data at baseline and after 6 months of treatment
| Parameters | Baseline | After 6 months | ANOVA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
l-Arginine group (n = 44) |
Placebo (n = 44) |
l-Arginine group (n = 44) |
Placebo (n = 44) |
Treatment | Time | Interaction | |
| P values | |||||||
| Gender (male/female) | 21/23 | 24/20 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Age (years) | 43.1 ± 8.6 | 41.5 ± 9.1 | – | – | – | – | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 36.8 ± 6.3 | 36.1 ± 4.9 | 36.6 ± 6.1 | 35.8 ± 5.0 | 0.518 | 0.220 | 0.882 |
| FAT (%) | 37.0 ± 9.7 | 35.6 ± 9.8 | 35.6 ± 9.8 | 35.5 ± 8.6 | 0.665 | 0.435 | 0.528 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 5.5 ± 1.0 | 5.6 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 0.282 | 0.137 | 0.976 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 2.0 ± 0.9 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.509 | 0.229 | 0.438 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.1 ± 0.7 | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 0.998 | 0.018 | 0.138 |
| Insulin (μUI/Ml) | 29.2 ± 13.9 | 28.6 ± 16.4 | 25.5 ± 12.7 | 26.8 ± 14.7 | 0.903 | 0.048 | 0.228 |
| M (mg/kg/min) | 3.2 ± 1.8 | 3.4 ± 1.7 | 4.3 ± 2.1 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 0.043 | 0.008 | 0.001 |
| hs-CRP (mg/l) | 2.8 ± 1.2 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 2.6 ± 1.4 | 2.8 ± 1.0 | 0.516 | 0.055 | 0.418 |
| Ca (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 0.140 | 0.066 | 0.088 |
| Mg (mmol/L) | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.293 | 0.069 | 0.078 |
| Fe (mmol/L) | 14.9 ± 4.0 | 15.3 ± 3.2 | 17.7 ± 5.3 | 16.7 ± 3.5 | 0.139 | 0.056 | 0.055 |
| Zn (mmol/L) | 10.7 ± 1.1 | 10.5 ± 1.2 | 12.2 ± 1.6 | 10.7 ± 1.4 | 0.007 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Cu (mmol/L) | 14.0 ± 2.3 | 13.9 ± 2.6 | 13.0 ± 1.7 | 14.1 ± 2.1 | 0.111 | 0.049 | 0.003 |
Bold values indicate one-way repeated-measure ANOVA, significant differences at P < 0.05
Data are arithmetic mean ± SD
BMI—body mass index, FAT—fat content, TC—total cholesterol, TG—triglycerides, M—insulin sensitivity value, hs-CRP—high sensitive C-reactive protein