Table 3.

Hazard ratios for five-year mortality, according to spirometric category and stratified by ethnicity ^*

Spirometric Category †	White-Americans N=3,467		African-Americans N=1,821		Mexican-Americans N=1,717
	Hazard Ratios for Five-Year Mortality (95% Confidence Interval) ‡§
	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Unadjusted	Adjusted
Normal	1.00
Airflow-limitation	2.31 (1.75, 3.06)	1.66 (1.23, 2.25)	2.58 (1.91, 3.50)	1.60 (1.09, 2.36)	2.18 (1.39, 3.40)	1.80 (1.17, 2.76)
Restrictive-pattern	3.10 (2.30, 4.17)	2.56 (1.84, 3.55)	2.91 (1.88, 4.50)	3.23 (2.06, 5.05)	2.88 (1.34, 6.21)	2.09 (0.89, 4.90)

^*Missing data: White-Americans — 37 missing covariates, 2 missing mortality; African-American — 39 missing covariates; and Mexican-American — 30 missing covariates, 2 missing mortality.

^†See footnote to Table 2 for description of spirometric category.

^‡Values were calculated using three separate Cox regression models for each of the ethnic groups. In the adjusted models, covariates included age, sex, smoking history, high cardiovascular risk, and health status. In White-Americans there was an age by time interaction added to the model, while in African-Americans age², and age³ were also included.

^§Relative to White-Americans, there were no significant interactions in African-American x airflow-limitation (p=0.673), African-American x restrictive-pattern (p=0.973), Mexican-American x airflow-limitation (p=0.253), and Mexican-American x restrictive-pattern (p=0.189). These results suggest that the adjusted hazard ratios did not differ significantly by ethnicity.