Table 2.

Percentage of total sample with activity of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) limitations and characteristics of persons aged 50 + with ADL and IADL limitations and those receiving care in Spain, England and the United States of America (USA)

Variables	Spain			England			USA
	Total	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	Total	Males	Females
N (%) of sample with at least one  ADL or IADL difficulty	509 (23.5)	175 (17.6)	334 (28.5)	2,372 (26.0)	928 (22.7)	1,444 (28.8)	7,008 (40.0)	2,353 (31.5)	4,655 (44.3)
N (%) of individuals with ADL or  IADL difficulties receiving help	384 (75.4)	139 (79.4)	245 (73.4)	1,600 (67.4)	588 (63.4)	1,012 (70.1 )	2,756 (39.3)	943 (40.1)	1,813 (38.9)
Mean age	75.4	74.1	76.1	72.0	71.8	72.1	73.4	73.6	73.3
Mean number of individuals per  dwelling	2.28	2.51	2.16	1.86	2.04	1.77	2.34	2.33	2.34
Married (%)	57.4	82.1	45.1	52.8	70.8	42.6	49.9	71.7	37.7
Household/family composition:
Child in hh (%)	40.4	35.6	42.4	16.1	15.3	16.6	21.1	14.9	24.4
Child outside hh (%)	82.2	84.6	81.0	82.0	83.6	81.1	89.0	89.5	88.8
Mean number of children	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.3	2.5	2.2	3.6	3.6	3.6
Mean number of ADLs	1.88	2.01	1.81	1.64	1.76	1.57	1.97	1.80	2.07
Mean number of IADLs	3.09	3.22	3.02	1.93	1.82	1.98	2.41	2.35	2.45
Type and source of care (%):
Informal care inside the hh	63.7	71.0	60.1	55.0	69.8	47.1	63.9	76.1	57.1
Informal care outside the hh:	6.0	1.1	8.5	26.6	17.6	31.4	26.4	16.2	32.1
Children	73.9	57.7	79.0	59.9	57.4	60.7	59.0	47.8	62.1
Siblings	4.8	6.3	4.3	6.0	6.1	6.0	1.5	2.1	1.4
Grandchildren	1.7	0.0	2.3	11.2	9.6	11.7	39.3	35.8	40.2
Relatives and friends	26.5	39.0	22.5	50.7	45.2	52.3	46.0	50.8	44.6
Formal care	12.4	11.8	12.6	5.1	3.6	5.9	1.8	1.5	2.1
Informal care and formal care	17.9	16.0	18.8	13.3	9.0	15.6	7.9	6.3	8.7

Notes: SE: standard error. hh: household.

Source: See Table 1.