Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1978 May;75(5):2363–2367. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2363

Genetic analysis of the human cell surface: antigenic marker for the human X chromosome in human-mouse hybrids.

B P Dorman, N Shimizu, F H Ruddle
PMCID: PMC392553  PMID: 353811

Abstract

Somatic cell hybrids of human fibroblasts and mouse A9 cells, carrying only a portion of the human X chromosome in a mouse chromosome background, were injected into C3H mice. The resulting mouse anti-hybrid cell antisera contain antibodies found to be human specific and to react with only those hybrid cells carrying the human X chromosome, as confirmed by essentially perfect concordance between antibody binding assayed by indirect immunofluorescence and presence of the human X-linked enzyme hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl-transferase determined by autoradiographic assay of [3H] hypoxanthine utilization. Heterogeneous mixtures of hybrid cells may be analyzed into fluorescent (X plus) and nonfluorescent (X minus) subpopulations and fractionated viably by using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

2365Image
on p.2365
2365Image
on p.2365
2365Image
on p.2365
2366Image
on p.2366

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Borgaonkar D. S., Greene A. E., Coriell L. L. A (6;21) translocation, unbalanced, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification no. GM-144. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1974;13(4):403–405. doi: 10.1159/000130290. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Buck D. W., Goss S. J., Bodmer W. F. Regional mapping of the X-linked gene for a human cell surface antigen, SA-X. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1976;12(7):99–100. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Carritt B., Goldfarb P. A human chromosomal determinant for susceptibility to herpes simplex virus. Nature. 1976 Dec 9;264(5586):556–558. doi: 10.1038/264556a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Caspersson T., Zech L., Johansson C., Modest E. J. Identification of human chromosomes by DNA-binding fluorescent agents. Chromosoma. 1970;30(2):215–227. doi: 10.1007/BF00282002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chany C., Vignal M., Couillin P., Van Cong N., Boué J., Boué A. Chromosomal localization of human genes governing the interferon-induced antiviral state. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Aug;72(8):3129–3133. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.8.3129. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cicurel L., Croce C. M. Somatic cell hybrids between mouse peritoneal macrophages and SV40-transformed human cells. III. Identification of surface antigens coded for by human chromosomes 7 and 17. J Immunol. 1977 Jun;118(6):1951–1956. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Couillin P., Boué A., Van Cong N., Weil D., Rebourcet R., Frézal J. Evidence for synteny between a polio receptor gene and glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) by analysis of human-mouse hybrids. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1976;16(1-5):111–113. doi: 10.1159/000130567. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Creagan R. P., Chen S., Ruddle F. H. Genetic analysis of the cell surface: association of human chromosome 5 with sensitivity to diphtheria toxin in mouse-human somatic cell hybrids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jun;72(6):2237–2241. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.6.2237. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Deisseroth A., Nienhuis A., Turner P., Velez R., Anderson W. F., Ruddle F., Lawrence J., Creagan R., Kucherlapati R. Localization of the human alpha-globin structural gene to chromosome 16 in somatic cell hybrids by molecular hybridization assay. Cell. 1977 Sep;12(1):205–218. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90198-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Faber H. E., Kucherlapati R. S., Poulik M. D., Ruddle F. H., Smithies O. beta2-microglobulin locus on human chromosome 15. Somatic Cell Genet. 1976 Mar;2(2):141–153. doi: 10.1007/BF01542627. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fellous M., Bengtsson B., Finnegan D., Bodmer W. F. Expression of the Xga antigen on cells in culture and its segregation in somatic cell hybrids. Ann Hum Genet. 1974 May;37(4):421–430. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.1974.tb01847.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Friend K. K., Chen S., Ruddle F. H. Differential staining of interspecific chromosomes in somatic cell hybrids by alkaline Giemsa stain. Somatic Cell Genet. 1976 Mar;2(2):183–188. doi: 10.1007/BF01542631. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Friend K. K., Dorman B. P., Kucherlapati R. S., Ruddle F. H. Detection of interspecific translocations in mouse-human hybrids by alkaline Giemsa staining. Exp Cell Res. 1976 Apr;99(1):31–36. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90676-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Goodfellow P. N., Jones E. A., Van Heyningen V., Solomon E., Bobrow M., Miggiano V., Bodmer W. F. The beta2-microglobulin gene is on chromosome 15 and not in the HL-A region. Nature. 1975 Mar 20;254(5497):267–269. doi: 10.1038/254267a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Goodfellow P., Jones E., van Heyningen V., Solomon E., Kennett R., Bobrow M., Bodmer W. F. Linkage relationships of the HL-A system and beta 2 microglobulin. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1975;11(3):162–167. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. HAYFLICK L. THE LIMITED IN VITRO LIFETIME OF HUMAN DIPLOID CELL STRAINS. Exp Cell Res. 1965 Mar;37:614–636. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(65)90211-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Herzenberg L. A., Sweet R. G., Herzenberg L. A. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Sci Am. 1976 Mar;234(3):108–117. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican0376-108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Horan P. K., Wheeless L. L., Jr Quantitative single cell analysis and sorting. Science. 1977 Oct 14;198(4313):149–157. doi: 10.1126/science.905822. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Knowles B. B., Solter D., Trinchieri G., Maloney K. M., Ford S. R., Aden D. P. Complement-mediated antiserum cytotoxic reactions to human chromosome 7 coded antigen(s): immunoselection of rearranged human chromosome 7 in human-mouse somatic cell hybrids. J Exp Med. 1977 Feb 1;145(2):314–326. doi: 10.1084/jem.145.2.314. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Kozak C. A., Lawrence J. B., Ruddle F. H. A sequential staining technique for the chromosomal analysis of the interspecific mouse/hamster and mouse/human somatic cell hybrids. Exp Cell Res. 1977 Mar 1;105(1):109–117. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(77)90156-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kucherlapati R. S., Hilwig I., Gropp A., Ruddle F. H. Mammalian chromosome identification in interspecific hybride cells using "Hoechst 33258". Humangenetik. 1975;27(1):9–14. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. LITTLEFIELD J. W. SELECTION OF HYBRIDS FROM MATINGS OF FIBROBLASTS IN VITRO AND THEIR PRESUMED RECOMBINANTS. Science. 1964 Aug 14;145(3633):709–710. doi: 10.1126/science.145.3633.709. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. LITTLEFIELD J. W. STUDIES ON THYMIDINE KINASE IN CULTURED MOUSE FIBROBLASTS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1965 Jan 11;95:14–22. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(65)90206-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. LITTLEFIELD J. W. THE INOSINIC ACID PYROPHOSPHORYLASE ACTIVITY OF MOUSE FIBROBLASTS PARTIALLY RESISTANT TO 8-AZAGUANINE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1963 Sep;50:568–573. doi: 10.1073/pnas.50.3.568. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. LITTLEFIELD J. W. THREE DEGREES OF GUANYLIC ACID--INOSINIC ACID PYROPHOSPHORYLASE DEFICIENCY IN MOUSE FIBROBLASTS. Nature. 1964 Sep 12;203:1142–1144. doi: 10.1038/2031142a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Loken M. R., Parks D. R., Herzenberg L. A. Two-color immunofluorescence using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. J Histochem Cytochem. 1977 Jul;25(7):899–907. doi: 10.1177/25.7.330738. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. McKusick V. A., Ruddle F. H. The status of the gene map of the human chromosomes. Science. 1977 Apr 22;196(4288):390–405. doi: 10.1126/science.850784. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Nichols E. A., Ruddle F. H. A review of enzyme polymorphism, linkage and electrophoretic conditions for mouse and somatic cell hybrids in starch gels. J Histochem Cytochem. 1973 Dec;21(12):1066–1081. doi: 10.1177/21.12.1066. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. PUCK T. T., MARCUS P. I., CIECIURA S. J. Clonal growth of mammalian cells in vitro; growth characteristics of colonies from single HeLa cells with and without a feeder layer. J Exp Med. 1956 Feb 1;103(2):273–283. doi: 10.1084/jem.103.2.273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Prescott G. H., McCaw B. K., Tolby B. E., Hecht F., Miller R. C., Greene A. E., Coriell L. L. A (1;15) translocation, balanced, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-126. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1975;14(1):84–86. doi: 10.1159/000130324. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Puck T. T., Wuthier P., Jones C., Kao F. T. Genetics of somatic mammalian cells: lethal antigens as genetic markers for study of human linkage groups. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Dec;68(12):3102–3106. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.12.3102. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Revel M., Bash D., Ruddle F. H. Antibodies to a cell-surface component coded by human chromosome 21 inhibit action of interferon. Nature. 1976 Mar 11;260(5547):139–141. doi: 10.1038/260139a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Tan Y. H., Schneider E. L., Tischfield J., Epstein C. J., Ruddle F. H. Human chromosome 21 dosage: effect on the expression of the interferon induced antiviral state. Science. 1974 Oct 4;186(4158):61–63. doi: 10.1126/science.186.4158.61. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Thompson L. H., Mankovitz R., Baker R. M., Wright J. A., Till J. E., Siminovitch L., Whitmore G. F. Selective and nonselective isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants of mouse L-cells and their characterization. J Cell Physiol. 1971 Dec;78(3):431–440. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1040780312. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Tischfield J. A., Ruddle F. H. Assignment of the gene for adenine phosphoribosyltransferase to human chromosome 16 by mouse-human somatic cell hybridization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jan;71(1):45–49. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.1.45. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Willecke K., Ruddle F. H. Transfer of the human gene for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase via isolated human metaphase chromosomes into mouse L-cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 May;72(5):1792–1796. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.5.1792. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. van Someren H., Westerveld A., Hagemeijer A., Mees J. R., Meera Khan P., Zaalberg O. B. Human antigen and enzyme markers in man-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids: evidence for synteny between the HL-A, PGM3, ME1, and IPO-B loci. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Mar;71(3):962–965. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.3.962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES