Table 2. UV irradiation effect on microorganisms.

Microorganism	Description	UV light	Light source	Irradiance	Dose and/or time of irradiation	Reference
Francisella tularensis	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	——	1.4 mJ/cm2	35
Brucella melitensis/abortus	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp (5 ȕ 8W)	18.7 mW/cm2 and 19.5 mW/cm2	120 to 240 s	34
Staphylococcus aureus	Infected wounds	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	2.7 mW/cm2	2.59 J/cm2 (16 min)	25
Methillicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)	Petri dishes	UV continuous (peak at 245 and 261 nm)	Xenon flash lamp (6 W)	250 µW/cm2	1 to 10 s	33
Streptococcus pyogenes	Petri dishes	UVC 265 nm	Light-emitting diode	1.93 mW/cm2	1.93 mJ/cm2 (1 s) to 57.95 mJ/cm2 (30 s)	32
Yersinia pestis	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	——	~1.4 mJ/cm2	35
Bacillus anthracis	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	——	~25 mJ/cm2	35
Bacillus cereus	Petri dishes	UV continuous (peak at 245 and 261 nm)	Xenon flash lamp (6 W)	250 µW/cm2	5 to 20 s	33
		UV pulsed (53 Hz) (peak at 245 and 261 nm)	Xenon flash lamp (6 W)	250 µW/cm2	5 s
Bacillus thuringiensis	Air circulation system	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	1870 µW/cm2 to 3720 µW/cm2	30 min to 48 h	31
Bacillus subtilis	Petri dishes	White light pulsed (250 μs) (200 to 1100 nm)	Xenon flash lamp	——	0.17 J/cm2 and 5.28 J/cm2 (1 to 2 min)	30
	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	~1.34 ȕ 10−3 W/cm2	25 to 1000 mJ/cm2 (19 s to 12 min)
Bacillus atrophaeus	Air circulation system	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	1870 µW/cm2 to 3720 µW/cm2	30 min to 48 h	31
Bacillus megaterium	Air circulation system	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	1870 µW/cm2 to 3720 µW/cm2	30 min to 48 h	31
Variola virus	Airborne disinfection (hospital)	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp: 5 W		17 J/m2 to 68 J/m2 (10 min)	3
Ebola	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp: 15 W	——	4 J/m2 (0 to 30 s)	9
Lassa	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp: 15 W		16 J/m2 (0 to 30 s)	9
Saccharomyces cerivisiae	Fresh nectar from fruits	UVC 254 nm	Two mercury lamps	25 mW/cm2	75 to 450 kJ/m2 (15 min at 0.073 and 1.02 L/min)	29
Trichophyton rubrum	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Germicidal lamp	——	120 mJ/cm2	245
Trichophyton mentagrophytes					36–864 J/cm2
Aspergillus fumigates	Water disinfection	UVC 254 nm	Mercury lamp	0.83 mW/cm2	12.45 mJ/cm2	28
Aspergillus flavus				0.83 mW/cm2	16.6 mJ/cm2
Aspergillus niger				0.83 mW/cm2	20.75 mJ/cm2
Clostridium botulinum toxin	Petri dishes	UVC 254 nm	Germicidal lamp	15 ergs/mm2 s or 1.5 µW/mm2	675 to 900 ergs/mm2 or 67.5 to 90 µJ/mm2	27

^aInactivation of 90% (1log₁₀)