WT, mice were immunized twice on day 1 and day 21 with OVA alone (n=5) or OVA plus FliC (n=5), and sera collected on days 14 and 35. A) Naïve, day 14, and day 35 sera were analyzed for IgG1 specific antibody responses against OVA by ELISA. B–F) WT, TLR5−/− (n=19) (B), Naip5−/− (n=9) (C), Casp1−/− (n=14) (D), MyD88−/− (n=7) (E) and TLR5−/−/Casp1−/−, DKO (n=10) (F), mice were immunized twice on day 1 and day 21 with OVA plus FliC, and sera collected on days 14 and 35. Naïve, day 14, and day 35 sera were analyzed for IgG1 specific antibody responses against OVA by ELISA. B–F) Data is a combination of 2–3-independent experiments with n=3–6 per experiment. Statistical analyses were done using Mann-Whitney analysis of individual groups: *= P < 0.05, *** = P < 0.001.