Table 2.
Frequency of symptoms and signs in 307 TB patients co-infected with HIV
| Total, n=307 |
CD4<100, n=79 |
CD4 100–350, n=155 |
CD4>350, n=73 |
P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Background information | Male gender | 156 (50.5) | 51 (64.6) | 71 (45.8) | 34 (46.6) | 0.022 |
| Previous TB | 7 (2.3) | 1 (1.3) | 3 (1.9) | 3 (4.1) | 0.714 | |
| Diagnosis of TB | Smear positive PTB | 99 (32.2) | 29 (36.7) | 46 (29.7) | 24 (32.9) | 0.621 |
| Smear negative PTB | 94 (30.6) | 27 (34.2) | 46 (29.7) | 21 (28.8) | 0.422 | |
| Lymphnode TB | 87 (28.3) | 20 (25.3) | 44 (28.4) | 23 (31.5) | 0.326 | |
| Other location of TB | 36 (11.7) | 8 (10.1) | 22 (14.2) | 6 (8.2) | 0.760 | |
| Symptoms | Bedridden state | 81 (26.4) | 31 (39.2) | 32 (20.6) | 18 (24.7) | 0.018 |
| Blood-stained sputum | 47/305 (15.4) | 15/78 (19.2) | 20/154 (13.0) | 12 (16.4) | 0.906 | |
| Cough | 190/306 (62.1) | 55/78 (70.5) | 100 (64.5) | 35 (47.9) | 0.001 | |
| Diarrhea | 66/305 (21.6) | 22/78 (28.2) | 32/154 (20.8) | 12 (16.4) | 0.048 | |
| Diarrhea, recurrent | 43/302 (14.2) | 16/77 (20.8) | 21/153 (13.7) | 6/72 (8.3) | 0.015 | |
| Fever | 253 (82.4) | 68 (86.1) | 128 (82.6) | 57 (78.1) | 0.063 | |
| Hospitalized | 30/305 (9.8) | 14 (17.7) | 10/153 (6.5) | 6 (8.2) | 0.005 | |
| Loss of appetite | 249 (81.1) | 71 (89.9) | 127 (81.9) | 51 (69.9) | 0.001 | |
| Night sweats | 256 (83.4) | 70 (88.6) | 126 (81.3) | 60 (82.2) | 0.043 | |
| Odynophagia | 117 (38.1) | 35 (44.3) | 56 (36.1) | 26 (35.6) | 0.173 | |
| Shortness of breath | 148/305 (48.5) | 46/78 (59) | 82/154 (53.2) | 20 (27.4) | 0.000 | |
| Significant weight loss | 254/306 (83.0) | 67 (84.8) | 131/154 (85.1) | 56 (76.7) | 0.150 | |
| Clinical findings | Cervical lymph node enlargement | 58/306 (19.0) | 9/78 (11.5) | 32 (20.6) | 17 (23.3) | 0.015 |
| Conjunctival pallor | 118 (38.4) | 44 (55.7) | 53 (34.2) | 21 (28.8) | 0.004 | |
| Gingivitis | 24/305 (7.9) | 9/78 (11.5) | 13/154 (8.4) | 2 (2.7) | 0.010 | |
| Herpes zoster | 24/306 (7.8) | 6 (7.6) | 14/154 (9.1) | 4 (5.5) | 0.685 | |
| Oral candidiasis | 92 (30.0) | 32 (40.5) | 45 (29) | 15 (20.5) | 0.003 | |
| Oral hairy leukoplakia | 15/306 (4.9) | 9 (11.4) | 4/154 (2.6) | 2 (2.7) | 0.005 | |
| Skin rash | 38 (12.4) | 10 (12.7) | 19 (12.3) | 9 (12.3) | 0.669 | |
| Grouped continuous | BMI | 0.001 | ||||
| variables | BMI ≥19.5 | 73 (23.8) | 12 (15.2) | 39 (25.2) | 22 (30.1) | |
| BMI 17.5–19.49 | 82 (26.7) | 23 (29.1) | 39 (25.2) | 20 (27.4) | ||
| BMI 16–17.49 | 83 (27.0) | 19 (24.1) | 47 (30.3) | 17 (23.3) | ||
| BMI <16 | 69 (22.5) | 25 (31.6) | 30 (19.4) | 14 (19.2) | ||
| MUAC | <0.001 | |||||
| MUAC ≥22 | 105 (34.2) | 15 (19) | 57 (36.8) | 33 (45.2) | ||
| MUAC 20–22 | 92 (30.0) | 19 (24.1) | 48 (31.0) | 25 (34.2) | ||
| MUAC 19–20 | 42 (13.7) | 17 (21.5) | 19 (12.3) | 6 (8.2) | ||
| MUAC <19 | 68 (22.1) | 28 (35.4) | 31 (20.0) | 9 (12.3) | ||
| Age (≥33) | 153 (49.8) | 47 (59.5) | 75 (78.4) | 31 (42.5) | 0.031 |
Presented as n (%) unless otherwise stated. CD4 cell values in cells/mm3.
*
Correlation of variable to CD4. Binary variables tested with Mann–Whitney U test, Continuous variables tested with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.