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Functional characterization of hES-MSCs. (A, B) TGFβ1/ALK5 pathway is active in hES-MSCs. (A) Real-time PCR data (normalized to GAPDH) for various SMC genes: (a) αSMA, (b) CNN1, (c) SM22α. (B) Downregulation of αSMA in the presence of ALK5 inhibitor by immunostaining. (C, D) hES-MSCs display a contractile phenotype. (C) Gross images of seeded collagen gels. (D) Quantitation of gel surface area. *p<0.05. PCR, polymerase chain reaction.
