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. 2013 Dec 31;20(3-4):728–739. doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0534

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

Production and release of angiogenic factors by cell sheets. (A) Cytokine/chemokine multiplex immunology assay results from cultured cell sheets in vitro, prepared from human SMBs, human MSCs (h-MSCs), or both. SMB+MSC showed significantly enhanced the release of HGF, VEGF, leptin, and PECAM-1. N=4 in each group. *p<0.05 versus SMB. †p<0.05 versus MSC. (B) Optimal seeding ratio of rat SMBs (r-SMBs) to h-MSCs. The in vitro mRNA levels of rat HGF and VEGF, analyzed by real-time PCR, were highest at 4:1 r-SMBs:h-MSCs. N=4 in each group. *p<0.05. (C) mRNA levels in cultured cell sheets determined by real-time PCR using rat-specific primers. The SMB+MSC sheets expressed significantly more HGF and VEGF than the SMB-only ones. N=5 in each group. *p<0.05. (D) Secretion of cytokines into the culture medium determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The SMB+MSC sheets secreted significantly more HGF and VEGF than the SMB-only sheets. N=5 in each group. *p<0.05. G-CSF, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; IL, interleukin; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; PECAM, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Error bars=SD.