Table 2.
Demographics.
| Total (n = 42) | Group 1 Novice (n = 15) |
Group 2 Intermediate (n = 14) |
Group 3 Expert (n = 13) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (range) | 39 (28–55) | 44 (31–63) | 48 (35–61) |
| Gender (male/female) | 11/4 | 11/3 | 13/0 |
| Participants (n) | |||
| Medical specialist | 3 | 12 | 13 |
| Resident | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| Other | 9 | 0 | 0 |
| Videogame experience, >10 hours (no/yes) | 7/8 | 9/5 | 11/2 |
| Laparoscopic experience (level I-II procedures) | |||
| 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| 1–25 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 26–100 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| >100 | 2 | 12 | 10 |
| Laparoscopic experience (level III-IV procedures) | |||
| 0 | 11 | 2 | 0 |
| 1–24 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 25–100 | 2 | 7 | 6 |
| >100 | 0 | 5 | 7 |
| Robotic experience (total cases) | |||
| None | 15 | 0 | 0 |
| 5–9 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| 10–39 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| 40–49 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| 70–150 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
| >150 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Mean estimated total number of robotic cases (range) | 0 | 24 (6–50) | 240 (70–1200) |