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Schematics of different strategies for the use of hyperpolarized labels and probes for NMR spectroscopic biological assays: Hyperpolarized molecules have been used for (A) readout by covalent chemical labeling of analytes; (B) probing of non-covalent binding; (C) the tracking of enzymatic transformations; (D) the design of versatile probe platforms; (E) ratiometric measurements of physicochemical states and (F) interrogating protein expression by probing attached reporter enzymes.
