Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population and biomarker levels
| |
Healthy subjects (n = 46) |
Patients with metabolic syndrome (n = 82) |
p -value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Male | Female | Total | Male | Female | ||
| Gender |
46 |
13 |
33 |
82 |
40 |
42 |
.024 |
| Age (years) |
44.50 |
52.00 |
44.00 |
48.00 |
49.00 |
48.00‡ |
.013 |
| (38.75-53.00) |
(41.50-58.50) |
(38.00-49.00) |
(43.75-58.00) |
(44.00-58.75) |
(42.75-55.75) |
||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
21.82 |
22.00 |
21.81 |
27.26 |
26.97# |
27.28# |
<.001 |
| (20.22-22.89) |
(20.97-23.55) |
(19.42-22.81) |
(24.56-29.53) |
(24.68-29.20) |
(23.96-30.10) |
||
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) |
73.00 |
72.00 |
73.00 |
181.50 |
205.50# |
165.00# |
<.001 |
| (57.75-89.00) |
(64.00-95.00) |
(56.50-86.50) |
(136.00-290.50) |
(141.50-304.00) |
(128.00-244.00) |
||
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) |
- |
60.00 |
65.00 |
- |
44.50# |
44.50# |
<.001 |
| |
(53.00-65.00) |
(60.00-75.50) |
|
(35.25-51.75) |
(40.75-49.25) |
||
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) |
105.50 |
115.00 |
100.00 |
159.50 |
154.50# |
162.50# |
<.001 |
| (91.25-117.25) |
(101.00-123.00) |
(88.50-116.50) |
(141.00-184.00) |
(140.25-188.00) |
(141.75-184.00) |
||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) |
182.00 |
191.00 |
178.00 |
233.00 |
232.00# |
235.00# |
<.001 |
| (169.75-193.25) |
(177.50-195.00) |
(165.50-191.50) |
(210.25-260.00) |
(212.25-259.75) |
(207.75-260.25) |
||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
117.00 |
118.00 |
116.00 |
134.00 |
135.00# |
133.00# |
<.001 |
| (109.00-125.25) |
(109–126.50) |
(109.00-125.00) |
(119.75-141.25) |
(120.50-141.75) |
(117.75-141.25) |
||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) |
73.00 |
78.00 |
72.00 |
85.50 |
88.00# |
81.50# |
<.001 |
| (68.75-79.25) |
(70.50-80.50) |
(67.50-78.00) |
(79.00-91.25) |
(82.25-95.00) |
(74.75-87.25) |
||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) |
90.00 |
92.00 |
90.00 |
102.50 |
107.50# |
100.00# |
<.001 |
| (87.00-94.00) |
(89.00-94.00) |
(86.00-94.00) |
(96.00-119.25) |
(99.00-123.00) |
(92.75-108.00) |
||
| Waist circumference (cm) |
- |
81.00 |
75.00 |
- |
91.00# |
90.50# |
<.001 |
| |
(73.50-82.00) |
(69.50-78.50) |
|
(86.00-95.75) |
(86.75-94.50) |
||
| Plasma adiponectin (μg/ml) |
32.24 |
20.21 |
33.38 |
14.01 |
13.69‡ |
14.21# |
<.001 |
| (17.96-46.84) |
(9.842-41.33) |
(21.13-48.64) |
(8.09-14.010) |
(5.38-20.79) |
(9.66-28.07) |
||
| Salivary adiponectin (μg/ml) |
2.92 |
3.46 |
1.93 |
2.78 |
3.51 |
1.88 |
.619 |
| (7.91-6.23) |
(1.74-7.03) |
(5.62-4.38) |
(1.05-6.48) |
(1.49-9.09) |
(8.17-6.25) |
||
| Plasma leptin (ng/ml) |
6.04 |
2.39 |
7.39 |
13.23 |
7.37# |
21.70# |
<.001 |
| (2.92-9.24) |
(1.17-3.58) |
(5.13-10.38) |
(6.50-22.13) |
(4.85-11.40) |
(14.77-28.59) |
||
| Salivary leptin (pg/ml) | 33.80 |
38.51 |
31.21 |
34.88 |
43.17 |
29.59 |
.523 |
| (14.66-102.80) | (18.71-104.55) | (11.71-103.89) | (17.07-54.77) | (14.57-59.88) | (17.34-48.98) | ||
All data presented as median (25th-75th percentile).
#Significant difference from healthy same gender (p < .001).
‡Significant difference from healthy same gender.