Table 2.

Effects of extracellular matrices proteins on neural differentiation of pluripotent stem cells

ECM protein	Integrins	Cell source	Neural differentiation	Ref.
Laminin Matrigel (rich in laminin)	α6β1 α3β1	HESC lines: TE03 and TE06	Neuronal generation and neurite outgrowth were significantly greater on laminin and laminin-rich Matrigel than fibronectin, poly-D-lysine, and collagen I	Ma et al[16], 2008
Fibronectin	α5β1	Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from rats	Promoted OPC survival, proliferation, migration, process extension, and OPC purity	Hu et al[35], 2009
Vitronectin	αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5	hESC lines: Miz-hES4, Miz-hES6	Promoted oligodendrocyte differentiation in the presence of RA/Shh/Noggin	Gil et al[36], 2009
Collagen IV	α1β1, α10β1	Rabbit neural progenitor cells	Conducive for both neuronal and glial cell differentiation	Raghavan et al[61], 2013
Collagen I	α2β1	Rabbit neural progenitor cells	Conducive for both neuronal and glial cell differentiation	Raghavan et al[61], 2013
Vitronectin-derived synthetic peptide acrylate surface	αvβ5	hESC line: H1	Promoted oligodendrocyte progenitor differentiation; higher NG2 expression compared to Matrigel	Li et al[13], 2013
Heparan sulfate	Binding heparin	Rabbit neural progenitor cells	Addition of heparan sulfate to collagen mixtures improved neuronal differentiation	Raghavan et al[61], 2013

ECM: Extracellular matrix; hESC: Human embryonic stem cells; RA: Retinoic acid; Shh: Sonic hedgehog; OPC: Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.