Fig. 1.

a The event arena is composed of a test arena [1,600 (w) × 1,600 (d) × 300 (h) mm] with a start box [250 (w) × 250 (d) × 300 (h) mm] at the center of each sidewall. b Arrangement of six flavor-location paired associations (F-L pairs) in the event arena. At each location (1–6), there was a well in which a specific-flavored rat chow (as described in the following parentheses) was concealed under sand. 1 F1-L1 (chocolate); 2 F2-L2 (cherry); 3 F3-L3 (anise); 4 F4-L4 (bacon); 5 F5-L5 (coconut); and 6 F6-L6 (strawberry). Rats were presented with flavored lab chow in the start box as a cue, and they were allowed to recall the spatial location with which it was associated and to go into the arena to search for the rat chow with the identical flavor (Tse et al. 2007)