Table 1.
Tumor border configuration as a histopathologic risk factor for lymph node metastasis in early stage colorectal cancer.
| Reference | n | Infiltrative tumor border configuration (%) | Clinicopathological features analyzed in correlation with pN-stage | Clinicopathological features significantly associated with pN-stage (p < 0.05) | Clinicopathological features analyzed with tumor border configuration | Clinicopathological features predicted by infiltrative tumor border configuration (p < 0.05) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egashira (35) | 140 | Expansile (17.8) | SMd, SMw, differentiation of invasive component, structural atypia of invasive component, border, LInf, L, V, TuB | L1, V1, depth of invasion, cribriform-type structural atypia, low immune infiltration | pN-stage | Not significant (p ≥ 0.05) |
| Predominant expansile (14.8) | ||||||
| Mixed type (42.9) | ||||||
| Predominant infiltrating (21.4) | ||||||
| Infiltrating (3.5) | ||||||
| Wang (32) | 159 | Infiltrating (38.9) Expansile (61.1) | Age, location, CEA-level, Borrmann type, pN-stage, L, V, Pn, G, border, mucinous component, no. of lymph nodes sampled, SMd, LInf, MSI, TuB | G, L1, LInf, TuB | pN-stage survival | Not significantpN-stage (p = 0.788)survival (p = 0.3328) |
| Kajiwara (38) | 244 | Infiltrating (27.1) Expansile (72.9) | Age, gender, location, size, TuConf, annularity, G, poorly differentiated component, myxoid cancer stroma, infiltration level in muscularis propria, border, L, V, TuB | Presence of poorly differentiated component, L1, myxoid cancer stroma (multivariate), presence of poorly differentiated component, L1, myxoid cancer stroma, TuB, border (univariate) | pN-stage | pN-stage (p = 0.026) |
| Akishima-Fukasawa (37) | 111 | Infiltrating (46.9) Expansile (53.1) | TuConf, border, disruption of muscularis mucosa, SMd, SMw, G, neutrophil infiltration in cancer cells, fibrotic cancer-type stroma, LInf, Crohn’s-like reaction, microscopic abscess formation, L, V, TuB | Border, disruption of muscularis mucosa, SMd, G, neutrophil infiltration in cancer cells, fibrotic cancer-type stroma, Crohn’s-like reaction, microscopic abscess formation, L1, TuB | pN-stage | pN-stage (p = 0.0004) |
| Keum (36) | 434 | Infiltrating (10.6) Expansile (89.4) | Age, gender, location, size, TuConf, annularity, G, poorly differentiated component, myxoid cancer stroma, infiltration level in muscularis propria, border, L, V, TuB | Infiltrative tumor border, TuB, T2 stage and rectal primary tumor associated with distant tumor recurrence | pN-stage | pN-stage (p = 0.017, univariate; p = 0.020, multivariate) |
V1, venous invasion; L1, lymphatic invasion; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; G, tumor grade; border, tumor border configuration; TuB, tumor budding, LInf, lymphoid cell infiltrates; R, resection margin status; SMd, depth of submucosal invasion; SMw, width of submucosal invasion; TuConf, macroscopic tumor configuration.