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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2013 Nov 12;0:60–68. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.10.001

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Reconstitutions in three dimensions. Top: encapsulation of proteins in defined shapes and sizes constrains symmetry and volume, and also allows differeing biochemical activities at the boundary. Bottom: compartmentalization of internal components (both with and without a surrounding membrane) creates embedded boundaries that freely exchange molecules with the surrounding environment (bottom right).