Table 4.

Genetic and phenotypic correlations between the two growing seasons in which hop was assessed

	Genetic correlations	Phenotypic correlations
a.
α-acid	1.00 ± 0.24	0.61 ± 0.07
β-acid	0.99 ± 0.09	0.85 ± 0.02
Cohumulone (% of α-acid)	0.99 ± 0.10	0.86 ± 0.02
α-acid:β-acid	0.97 ± 0.12	0.81 ± 0.03
α-acid:total resin	0.95 ± 0.09	0.86 ± 0.02
b.
Number of shoots	0.80 ± 0.12	0.42 ± 0.03
Length of the longest shoot	0.78 ± 0.15	0.40 ± 0.03
Height (at flower initiation)	0.94 ± 0.12	0.45 ± 0.03
Height (at cone maturity)	1.00 ± 0.01	1.00 ± 0.01
Height to the cones	1.00 ± 0.28	1.00 ± 0.02
Lateral length	1.00 ± 0.03	0.69 ± 0.03

The genetic and phenotypic correlations were assessed between years was assessed for cone chemical traits and plant growth traits. The standard error of each correlation is given. Correlations statistically different to zero (P < 0.05) are shown in bold. a. refers to cone chemical traits, which were all measured at 16 months (season 1) and 28 months (season 2) after the trial was planted. b. refers to plant growth traits. The traits number of shoots and length of longest shoot were assessed 11 months (season 1) and 24 months (season 2) after the trial was planted. The trait height (at flower initiation) was assessed at 13 months (season 1) and 25 months (season 2) after the trial was planted. The traits height (at cone maturity), height to the cones and lateral length were assessed at 16 months (season 1) and 28 months (season 2) after the trial was planted.