TABLE 1.
Vitamin D-metabolizing CYPs
| P450 | Species | Tissue Location | Subcellular Location | Size (aa) | Human Gene Locus | Enzyme Activity | Disease State Human or (Mouse Knockout) | Function |
| CYP2R1 | Human | Liver | Microsomes | 501 | 11p15.2 | 25-Hydroxylation of D3 | VDDR type 1B (unknown) | Physiological |
| >47 species | 25-Hydroxylation of D2 | 25-Hydroxylase | ||||||
| CYP27A1 | Human | Liver | Mitochondria | 531 | 2q33-qter | 25-Hydroxylation of D3 | CTX | Pharmacological |
| >56 species | Macrophage | 24-Hydroxylation of D2 | 25-Hydroxylase | |||||
| CYP2C11 | Rat | Liver (male) | Microsomes | 500 | 25-Hydroxylation of D3 | |||
| 25-Hydroxylation of D2 | ||||||||
| CYP2D25 | Pig | Liver | Microsomes | 500 | 25-Hydroxylation of D3 | |||
| CYP2J2 | Human | Liver | Microsomes | 502 | 1p31.3-p31.2 | 25-Hydroxylation of D2 | ||
| CYP2J3 | Rat | 25-Hydroxylation of D3 | ||||||
| CYP3A4 | Human | Liver | Microsomes | 503 | 7q22.1 | 25-Hydroxylation of D2 4α/4β-Hydroxylation of vitamin D3 | ||
| Intestine | ||||||||
| CYP27B1 | Human | Kidney | Mitochondrial | 508 | 12q13.1-q13.3 | 1α-Hydroxylation of D3 | VDDR-1A | 1α-Hydroxylase |
| >39 species | 1α-Hydroxylation of D2 | (Rickets) | ||||||
| CYP24A1 | Human | Target tissue | Mitochondrial | 514 | 20q13.2-q13.3 | 23- and 24-Hydroxylation of 25(OH)D/1,25(OH)2D | 24-Hydroxylase | |
| >51 species | ||||||||
Reproduced with permission from Ref. 15.