TABLE 2.
Glucose homeostasis and FFA concentrations of the subjects
| Variables | Insulin-Sensitive Subjects (n = 10) | Insulin-Resistant Subjects (n = 14) | %Δa | P |
| Fasting | ||||
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 5.7 (5.3–6.2) | 6.1 (5.6–7.0) | +7.0 | 0.009 |
| Insulin (ρmol/l) | 52.9 (36–65) | 119 (75–196) | +125 | <0.0001 |
| C-peptide (ρmol/l) | 960 (728–1260) | 1326 (1080–1901) | +28.1 | 0.0009 |
| Glucagon (ρg/ml) | 206 (91–478) | 255 (76–526) | +23.8 | 0.41 |
| GLP-1active (ρmol/l) | 1.41 (0.52–4.97) | 3.11 (0.55–28.4) | +121 | 0.45 |
| GLP-1total (ρmol/l) | 2.11 (0.40–7.00) | 3.26 (0.54–21.3) | +54.5 | 0.53 |
| FFAs (μM) | 504 (371–816) | 410 (299–659) | −18.7 | 0.06 |
| HOMA-IR index | 1.94 (1.34–2.33) | 4.67 (2.98–8.52) | +141 | <0.0001 |
| Fed state | ||||
| Glucose (mmol/l) | 6.3 (5.5–7.2) | 6.6 (5.9–7.5) | +4.8 | 0.17 |
| Insulin (ρmol/l) | 157 (117–247) | 286 (144–496) | +82.2 | 0.003 |
| C-peptide (ρmol/l) | 1,823 (1,266–2,403) | 2,628 (1,885–3,508) | +44.2 | 0.0002 |
| Glucagon (ρg/ml) | 178 (104–379) | 255 (71–511) | +43.3 | 0.17 |
| GLP-1active (ρmol/l) | 1.56 (0.73–4.81) | 3.60 (0.90–30.2) | +131 | 0.42 |
| GLP-1total (ρmol/l) | 3.42 (1.52–7.63) | 4.91 (1.56–22.9) | +43.6 | 0.43 |
| FFAs (μM) | 183 (124–240) | 324 (152–942) | +77.0 | 0.04 |
Data are presented as mean (range).
a
%Δ represents the percent difference between the two groups.