Table 3.

Study of the crustacean innate immune system using RNAi.

Field of Research	RNAi administration method	Model Organinsm	Order	Year		Authors	Title
Anti bacterial	dsRNA injection	Pacifastacus leniusculus	Decapoda	2007		Liu et al.	Phenoloxidase is an important component of the defense against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in a crustacean, Pacifastacus leniusculus
Anti bacterial	siRNA injection	Marsupenaeus japonicus	Decapoda	2008		Zong et al.	Regulation of phagocytosis against bacterium by RabGTPase in shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus
Anti bacterial and anti viral	dsRNA injection	Litopenaeus vannamei	Decapoda	2008		De la Vega et al.	Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor in Litopenaeus vannamei (LvALF): A broad spectrum antimicrobial peptide essential for shrimp immunity against bacterial and fungal infection
Anti bacterial, antiviral and coagulation	dsRNA injection	Marsupeneus japonicus	Decapoda	2008		Maningas et al.	Essential function of transglutaminase and clotting protein in shrimp immunity
Anti bacterial	dsRNA injection	Marsupeneus japonicus	Decapoda	2009		Fagutao et al.	Increased bacterial load in shrimp hemolymph in the absence of prophenoloxidase
Anti bacterial	dsRNA injection	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda	2009		Amparyup et al.	Two prophenoloxidases are important for the survival of Vibrio harveyi challenged shrimp Penaeus monodon
Anti bacterial and anti fungal	dsRNA injection	Litopenaeus vannamei	Decapoda	2009		Shockey et al.	The role of crustins in Litopenaeus vannamei in response to infection with shrimp pathogens: An in vivo approach
Anti viral	siRNA injection	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda	2005		Westenberg et al.	siRNA injection induces sequence-independent protection in Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome virus
Anti viral	Injection, electroporation and transfection of DNA with promoter and antisense	Litopenaeus vannamei	Decapoda		2005	Sun et al.	Evaluation of methods for DNA delivery into shrimp zygotes of Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei
Anti viral	Transfection of DNA with promoter and antisense	Litopenaeus vannamei	Decapoda		2005	Lu and Sun	Viral resistance in shrimp that express an antisense Taura syndrome virus coat protein gene
Anti viral	dsRNA injection	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda		2006	Assavalapsakul et al.	Identification and characterization of a Penaeus monodon lymphoid cell-expressed receptor for the yellow head virus
Anti viral	siRNA injection	Marsupenaeus japonicus	Decapoda		2007	Xu et al.	Silencing shrimp white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) genes by siRNA
Anti viral	dsRNA injection	Marsupenaeus japonicus	Decapoda		2007	Li et al.	β-integrin mediates WSSV infection
Anti viral	siRNA injection	Marsupenaeus japonicus	Decapoda		2007	Wu et al.	Antiviral phagocytosis is regulated by a novel Rab-dependent complex in shrimp Penaeus japonicus
Anti viral	siRNA injection	Marsupenaeus japonicus	Decapoda		2008	Xu et al.	Novel function of QM protein of shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) in regulation of phenol oxidase activity by interaction with hemocyanin
Anti viral	siRNA injection	Marsupenaeus japonicus	Decapoda		2008	Wang et al.	Requirement for shrimp caspase in apoptosis against virus infection
Anti viral	dsRNA injection	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda		2008	Ongvarrasopone et al.	Suppression of PmRab7 by dsRNA inhibits WSSV or YHV infection in shrimp
Anti viral	dsRNA injection	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda		2008	Su et al.	A key gene of the RNA interference pathway in the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon: Identification and functional characterisation of Dicer-1
Anti viral	dsRNA injection	Litopenaeus vannamei	Decapoda		2008	Rijiravanich et al.	Knocking down caspase-3 by RNAi reduces mortality in Pacific white shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei challenged with a low dose of white-spot syndrome virus
Anti viral	Oral delivery of dsRNA expressing bacteria	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda		2008	Sarathi et al.	Oral administration of bacterially expressed VP28 dsRNA to protect Penaeus monodon from White Spot Syndrome Virus
Anti viral	siRNA and dsRNA injection	Litopenaeus vannamei	Decapoda		2010	Labreuche et al.	Non-specific activation of antiviral immunity and induction of RNA interference may engage the same pathway in the Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Anti viral	dsRNA injection	Penaeus monodon	Decapoda		2011	Woramongkolchai et al.	The possible role of penaeidin5 from the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, in protection against viral infection
Anti viral	Review on the study of innate immune system in crustaceans using RNAi				2011	Hirono et al.	Uncovering the mechanisms of shrimp innate immune response by RNA interference
Anti viral	Review on RNAi in crustaceans with emphasis of antiviral capabilities				2012	La Fauce and Owens	RNA interference with special reference to combating viruses of crustacea
Anti viral	dsRNA injection Litopenaeus vannamei Decapoda				2013	Lin et al.	Characterization of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei integrin b and its role in immunomodulation by dsRNA-mediated gene silencing