TABLE 5.
Association between fish consumption and endometrial cancer risk, stratified by BMI
| Categories of serving size–adjusted servings/wk | P-trend1 | |||||
| Total fish (servings/wk) | 0 | 0.01–1.00 | 1.01–2.10 | 2.11–3.08 | ≥3.09 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference)2 | 0.63 (0.24, 1.73) | 0.51 (0.19, 1.39) | 0.59 (0.19, 1.77) | 0.39 (0.12, 1.26) | 0.191 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 2.30 (0.71, 7.47) | 2.42 (0.75, 7.81) | 2.40 (0.71, 8.17) | 5.04 (1.54, 16.50) | <0.001 |
| P-interaction | 0.017 | |||||
| Baked or broiled fish (servings/wk) | 0 | 0.01–0.70 | 0.71–1.48 | 1.49–2.24 | ≥2.25 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.54 (0.23, 1.27) | 0.38 (0.16, 0.91) | 0.36 (0.13, 0.99) | 0.43 (0.16, 1.13) | 0.124 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.35 (0.60, 3.03) | 1.45 (0.65, 3.26) | 1.40 (0.58, 3.38) | 2.87 (1.27, 6.51) | <0.001 |
| P-interaction3 | 0.015 | |||||
| Canned tuna/tuna casserole (servings/wk) | 0 | 0.01–0.21 | 0.22–0.35 | 0.36–0.56 | ≥0.57 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.92 (0.45, 1.87) | 0.48 (0.14, 1.68) | 0.77 (0.36, 1.65) | 1.03 (0.49, 2.17) | 0.831 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.24 (0.71, 2.17) | 1.37 (0.66, 2.85) | 1.78 (1.06, 3.01) | 1.57 (0.91, 2.69) | 0.038 |
| P-interaction | 0.299 | |||||
| White fish (servings/wk)4 | 0 | 0.01–0.21 | 0.22–0.35 | 0.36–0.56 | ≥0.57 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.85 (0.44, 1.66) | 0.54 (0.16, 1.83) | 0.67 (0.31, 1.43) | 0.64 (0.29, 1.42) | 0.185 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.84 (0.52, 1.33) | 0.86 (0.38, 1.91) | 1.20 (0.75, 1.93) | 1.65 (1.05, 2.58) | 0.019 |
| P-interaction | 0.059 | |||||
| Dark or oily fish (servings/wk)4 | 0 | 0.01–0.21 | 0.22–0.56 | 0.57–0.77 | ≥0.78 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.52 (0.79, 2.93) | 0.73 (0.34, 1.54) | 0.72 (0.09, 5.57) | 0.48 (0.19, 1.20) | 0.033 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.93 (0.59, 1.48) | 1.23 (0.79, 1.92) | 1.63 (0.68, 3.88) | 1.69 (1.05, 2.73) | 0.017 |
| P-interaction | 0.012 | |||||
| Shellfish, not fried (servings/wk)4 | 0 | 0.01–0.21 | 0.22–0.35 | 0.36–0.56 | ≥0.57 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 0.91 (0.48, 1.75) | 1.70 (0.65, 4.48) | 0.76 (0.31, 1.87) | 1.14 (0.46, 2.83) | 0.958 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) | 0.92 (0.40, 2.13) | 1.70 (1.08, 2.69) | 1.56 (0.90, 2.70) | 0.020 |
| P-interaction | 0.406 | |||||
| Fried fish or shellfish (servings/wk)4 | 0 | 0.01–0.21 | 0.22–0.35 | 0.36–0.56 | ≥0.57 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.35 (0.71, 2.58) | 1.84 (0.56, 6.08) | 1.11 (0.43, 2.87) | 0.70 (0.21, 2.34) | 0.960 |
| ≥25 kg/m2 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.39 (0.93, 2.07) | 0.52 (0.16, 1.65) | 1.31 (0.80, 2.14) | 1.14 (0.63, 2.06) | 0.501 |
| P-interaction | 0.671 | |||||
1
Calculated by treating ordinal exposure variables as continuous in regression models.
2
HR; 95% CI in parentheses (all such values). Values are derived from Cox proportional hazards regression models.
3
Calculated by using the likelihood ratio test.
4
Adjusted for age (time variable), race, education, BMI, pack-years of smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, age at menarche, age at first birth, age at menopause, parity, years of combined hormone therapy, years of estrogen-only therapy, years of oral contraceptive use, oophorectomy, family history of uterine cancer, family history of ovarian cancer, history of diabetes, and total energy.