Figure 3.

In vitro differential potentiality of bone marrow stem cells (BM-MSCs), deciduous stem cells (SCDs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLs), and permanent stem cells (DPSCs) in presence of various concentrations of Pb²⁺. Osteogenesis was confirmed by mineralized matrix deposition stained with von Kossa staining at day 21. Adipogenesis was detected by neutral oil droplet formation stained with Oil Red O at day 21. Chondogenesis was detected by the presence of proteoglycans stained with alcian blue dye at day 21. The results represent average of 3 independent culture replicates. A representative photomicrograph was given for each experiment.