Table 1.
Descriptive statistics and cross-validation among patients with OHCA with cardiac origin (2007–2010)
| Total (n=706) |
Sample 1 (n=360) |
Sample 2 (n=346) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD)/frequency (%) |
(minimum–maximum) | Mean (SD)/frequency (%) |
Mean (SD)/frequency (%) |
p Value | |||||
| Basic information | |||||||||
| Gender | (Male) | 438 | (62.0) | 214 | (59.4) | 224 | (64.7) | 0.15 | |
| Age | 12.52 | (3.73) | (5–17) | 12.56 | (3.71) | 12.47 | (3.77) | 0.73 | |
| Emergency life-saving technician on ambulance ride | (Yes) | 679 | (96.2) | 346 | (96.1) | 333 | (96.2) | 0.93 | |
| Medical doctor on ambulance ride | (Yes) | 42 | (5.9) | 26 | (7.2) | 16 | (4.6) | 0.15 | |
| Advance medical treatment by medical doctor | (Yes) | 123 | (17.4) | 68 | (18.9) | 55 | (15.9) | 0.30 | |
| Witness and bystander CPR | |||||||||
| Eye witness of cardiac arrest | (Witnessed) | 395 | (55.9) | 192 | (53.3) | 203 | (58.7) | 0.15 | |
| Type of bystander | (Family member) | 151 | (21.4) | 71 | (19.7) | 80 | (23.1) | 0.27 | |
| Bystander chest compression | (Performed) | 436 | (61.8) | 227 | (63.1) | 209 | (60.4) | 0.47 | |
| Bystander rescue breathing | (Performed) | 229 | (32.4) | 120 | (33.3) | 109 | (31.5) | 0.60 | |
| Bystander AED use | (Performed) | 74 | (10.5) | 37 | (10.3) | 37 | (10.7) | 0.86 | |
| Preshospital diagnosis and treatment | |||||||||
| Initial ECG waveform | (VF or pulseless VT) | 193 | (27.3) | 103 | (28.6) | 90 | (26.0) | 0.44 | |
| Defibrillation provided by emergency medical personnel | (Performed) | 233 | (33.0) | 121 | (33.6) | 112 | (32.4) | 0.73 | |
| Advanced airway device use | (Performed) | 183 | (25.9) | 102 | (28.3) | 81 | (23.4) | 0.14 | |
| Obtaining intravenous route | (Performed) | 92 | (13.0) | 50 | (13.9) | 42 | (12.1) | 0.49 | |
| Epinephrine injection | (Performed) | 33 | (4.7) | 18 | (5.0) | 15 | (4.3) | 0.68 | |
| Scene arrival time from emergency call (minimum) | 6.64 | (2.69) | (0–21) | 6.67 | (2.70) | 6.61 | (2.69) | 0.75 | |
| Hospital arrival time from emergency call (minimum) | 32.16 | (22.51) | (5–469) | 31.63 | (14.85) | 32.72 | (28.38) | 0.52 | |
| Outcome | |||||||||
| Return of spontaneous circulation before hospital arrival | (Yes) | 150 | (21.2) | 83 | (23.1) | 67 | (19.4) | 0.23 | |
| 1-month survival after the event | (Yes) | 185 | (26.2) | 95 | (26.4) | 90 | (26.0) | 0.91 | |
| Cerebral perfusion category | (1 or 2) | 141 | (20.0) | 78 | (21.7) | 63 | (18.2) | 0.25 | |
| Overall performance category | (1 or 2) | 138 | (19.5) | 78 | (21.7) | 60 | (17.3) | 0.15 | |
AED, automated external defibrillator; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.