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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Psychiatry. 2014 Feb 1;171(2):209–217. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12101300

TABLE 1.

Number of Twin and Sibling Pairs and the Tetrachoric Correlation for and Prevalence of Drug Abuse in these Pairsa

Sex Pair type Number of Complete Pairs Number of Concordant Pairs Number of Discordant Pairs Tetrachoric Correlation Standard Error Prevalence of Drug Abuse (%)
Male Female
Male-Male Monozygotic twins 3,899 47 122 0.79 0.03 2.8
Male-Male Dizygotic twins 4,238 24 157 0.58 0.06 2.7
Female-Female Monozygotic twins 4,558 20 98 0.70 0.05 1.5
Female-Female Dizygotic twins 4,313 8 110 0.45 0.09 1.5
Male-Female Dizygotic twins 12,447 45 663 0.36 0.05 4.0 2.1
Male-Male Full siblings 718,276 7,792 49,908 0.51 0.00 4.6
Female-Female Full siblings 641,506 1,139 20,133 0.37 0.01 1.8
Male-Female Full siblings 1,347,324 4,063 76,392 0.32 0.01 4.3 1.7
a

For full sibling pairs, we took all pairs within sibships up to four. With larger sibships, we picked four pairs at random.