Table 3.
Dose–response analysis of the effect of prevalence of smoking habit, obesity, overweight and use of cardiovascular disease prevention drug therapy on incident ischaemic heart disease hospitalisation rates
| Lag0 |
Lag1 |
Lag2 |
Lag3 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRR* | 95% CI | IRR* | 95% CI | IRR* | 95% CI | IRR* | 95% CI | |
| Smokers (%) | ||||||||
| 1st quartile | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 0.92 | (0.91 to 0.93) | 0.91 | (0.90 to 0.93) | 0.92 | (0.91 to 0.94) | 0.93 | (0.91 to 0.94) |
| 3rd quartile | 1.23 | (1.21 to 1.25) | 1.21 | (1.19 to 1.23) | 1.20 | (1.18 to 1.22) | 1.18 | (1.15 to 1.20) |
| 4th quartile | 1.46 | (1.42 to 1.50) | 1.48 | (1.44 to 1.52) | 1.50 | (1.46 to 1.55) | 1.49 | (1.45 to 1.54) |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Obesity (%) | ||||||||
| 1st quartile | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 1.46 | (1.44 to 1.47) | 1.45 | (1.43 to 1.46) | 1.34 | (1.33 to 1.36) | 1.32 | (1.30 to 1.33) |
| 3rd quartile | 1.71 | (1.69 to 1.73) | 1.65 | (1.63 to 1.67) | 1.53 | (1.51 to 1.55) | 1.48 | (1.46 to 1.50) |
| 4th quartile | 1.80 | (1.78 to 1.83) | 1.82 | (1.79 to 1.85) | 1.75 | (1.73 to 1.79) | 1.86 | (1.78 to 1.90) |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Overweight (%) | ||||||||
| 1st quartile | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 1.23 | (1.22 to 1.24) | 1.21 | (1.19 to 1.22) | 1.14 | (1.13 to 1.16) | 1.06 | (1.05 to 1.08) |
| 3rd quartile | 1.41 | (1.39 to 1.43) | 1.35 | (1.33 to 1.37) | 1.30 | (1.28 to 1.31) | 1.22 | (1.20 to 1.24) |
| 4th quartile | 1.58 | (1.55 to 1.60) | 1.50 | (1.47 to 1.52) | 1.43 | (1.41 to 1.45) | 1.33 | (1.31 to 1.36) |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Use of drugs (×10 DHDs†) | ||||||||
| 1st quartile | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 0.85 | (0.76 to 0.93) | 0.87 | (0.80 to 0.94) | 0.83 | (0.78 to 0.88) | 0.84 | (0.78 to 0.90) |
| 3rd quartile | 0.71 | (0.65 to 0.79) | 0.73 | (0.68 to 0.79) | 0.71 | (0.67 to 0.75) | 0.70 | (0.65 to 0.75) |
| 4th quartile | 0.57 | (0.51 to 0.63) | 0.59 | (0.55 to 0.64) | 0.62 | (0.58 to 0.66) | 0.61 | (0.57 to 0.66) |
| P trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
Models for exposure–effect lags of 0, 1, 2 and 3 years.
*IRR adjusted for variables specified in the table plus age, sex and year of discharge as a random-effect variable. Four independent models, each including the variable of interest on a categorical scale adjusted for the others on a continuous scale.
†DHDs: Number of Defined Daily Doses per 1000 inhabitants per day.
DHD, defined daily doses; IRRs, incidence rate ratios.