| microRNAs |
miR-129–2 |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
miR-129–2 methylation was specifically detected in plasma samples. Potential marker for early diagnosis. |
15 |
| miR-129–2 |
Hematological malignancies |
miR-129–2 methylation was found as adversely impacting survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) |
16 |
| miR-124–3 |
Renal carcinoma |
Increased methylation of miR-124–3 CpG islands associated with unfavorable prognosis such as tumor grade and diameter, metastasis and advanced disease. |
18 |
| miR-124 |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
Hypermethylation of this locus was found as an independent prognostic factor for overall and disease-free survival and associated with higher relapse and mortality rates. |
19 |
| miR-34a |
Colon cancer |
Methylation of miR-34 associated with metastasis to liver and lymph nodes |
20 |
| miR-212 |
Lung cancer |
Silencing of miR-212 was correlated with later stages of the disease – staging T3/T4 |
22 |
| lncRNAs |
H19 |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
H19 involved disease progression |
25 |
| H19 |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
Epigenetic activation of miR-200 family promotes H19 downregulation, driving metastasis through EMT induction. Low T/R ratio was associated with poor prognosis. |
26 |
| KIAA0495, PART1, MGC21881, MIAT, GAS5 and PAR5 |
Glioblastoma multiforme |
The six-lncRNA signature was linked with overall survival, alluding that this signature may possibly supply new markers for prognosis treatment and outcome prediction. |
27 |
| ANRIL |
Cancer in general |
Epigenetic modifications contribute to its silencing, which may bring both diagnostic and prognostic perspectives in the future. |
30 |
| Non-coding RNAs as regulators of epigenetics |
| epi-miRs |
miR-29 family |
Lung cancer |
Lower survival rates in patients with high levels of DNMT3A |
31 |
| miR-22 |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
Decreased survival and worse prognosis when miR-22 was downregulated. |
32 |
| piRNAs |
Hiwi |
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma |
Hiwi (Piwi human ortholog) associated with poor prognosis |
46 |
| lncRNAs |
XIST |
Testicular germ cells tumor |
Methylation status as a biomarker in plasma for early detection and prognosis. |
43 |
| HOTAIR |
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma |
Associated with poor tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced clinical stages |
44 |
| HOTAIR |
Breast cancer (primary and metastasis) |
Predictor of metastasis and survival |
45 |
