Table 4. Results of ordered probit regression models predicting U.S. adult support for embryonic stem cell research.
| Predictor | Covariates only | Party Id | Schema | |||
| Estimate | SE | Estimate | SE | Estimate | SE | |
| Year | ||||||
| 2003 | .219*** | .062 | .218*** | .062 | .196** | .062 |
| 2004 | .442*** | .062 | .437*** | .062 | .406*** | .063 |
| 2005 | .479*** | .063 | .469*** | .063 | .450*** | .064 |
| 2006 | .310*** | .060 | .306*** | .060 | .264*** | .061 |
| 2007 | .286*** | .061 | .285*** | .061 | .272*** | .062 |
| 2008 | .373*** | .062 | .359*** | .062 | .318*** | .063 |
| 2010 | .446*** | .062 | .440*** | .062 | .412*** | .063 |
| Age | .006*** | .001 | .006*** | .001 | .005*** | .001 |
| Sex | .052∧ | .031 | .033 | .031 | .036 | .032 |
| Education | .152*** | .036 | .153*** | .037 | .078* | .037 |
| Income | .045*** | .012 | .055*** | .012 | .034** | .012 |
| Race | .034 | .039 | −.036 | .040 | .034 | .041 |
| Ideology | −.315*** | .022 | −.263*** | .023 | −.230*** | .023 |
| Protestant | −.008 | .045 | −.014 | .045 | −.036 | .045 |
| Catholic | −.097* | .048 | −.116* | .049 | −.145** | .049 |
| Church attendance | −.092*** | .013 | −.091*** | .013 | −.080*** | .013 |
| Religious belief | −.174*** | .012 | −.169*** | .012 | −.154*** | .012 |
| Abortion beliefs | −.743*** | .046 | −.734*** | .046 | −.670*** | .047 |
| Self-rated knowledge | .277*** | .027 | .278*** | .027 | .227*** | .028 |
| Republican | −.284*** | .043 | −.293*** | .043 | ||
| Independent | −.178*** | .038 | −.153*** | .038 | ||
| Reservations | −.928*** | .062 | ||||
| Optimism | .854*** | .085 | ||||
| Threshold 1 | .162 | .114 | −.004 | .118 | −.242 | .120 |
| Threshold 2 | .816 | .114 | .653 | .118 | .443 | .120 |
| Threshold 3 | 1.975 | .116 | 1.818 | .119 | 1.661 | .122 |
| Nagelkerke R2 | .327 | .333 | .387 | |||
| −2* Log Likelihood | 12654.3 | 12609.9 | 12139.6 | |||
| Δ χ2 (DF) | 1960.2 (19)*** | 44.4 (2)*** | 470.3 (2)*** | |||
Note:
* p<.05.
** p<.01.
*** p<.001.
Respondents were asked: “On the whole, how much do you favor or oppose medical research that uses stem cells from human embryos - do you strongly favor, somewhat favor, somewhat oppose, or strongly oppose this?” Responses are coded in the direction of increasing support. Source: Virginia Commonwealth University Life Sciences Surveys, 2002–2010, N = 8,105. No survey was collected in 2009.