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. 2014 Feb 13;8:211–218. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S55382

Table 1.

Results of individual studies

Rate ratio 95% CI Relative weight Homogeneity
ACEIs versus ARBs
 Bloom19 1.19 1.03–1.32 0.26
 Elliott et al23 1.14 1.09–1.20 0.28
 Wogen et al33 1.45 1.43–1.47 0.29
 Degli Esposti et al36 1.58 1.12–2.08 0.16
 Pooled 1.30 1.10–1.54 1.00 0.000
CCBs versus ARBs
 Sung et al38 1.10 1.09–1.11 0.29
 Elliott et al23 1.32 1.26–1.39 0.28
 Wogen et al33 1.33 1.31–1.35 0.29
 Degli Esposti et al36 2.07 1.57–2.73 0.14
 Pooled 1.33 1.16–1.54 1.00 0.000
Diuretics versus ACEIs
 Elliott et al23 1.53 1.47–1.61 0.14
 Taira et al25 1.49 1.40–1.60 0.14
 Van Wijk et al26 1.52 1.46–1.57 0.14
 Van Wijk et al26 1.32 1.28–1.36 0.15
 Van Wijk et al26 1.38 1.33–1.43 0.14
 Friedman et al30 1.17 1.10–1.25 0.14
 Sung et al38 1.16 1.14–1.17 0.15
 Pooled 1.36 1.22–1.51 1.00 0.000
Diuretics versus ARBs
 Degli Esposti et al36 2.62 1.99–3.46 0.10
 Taira et al25 1.61 1.50–1.70 0.15
 Van Wijk et al26 1.50 1.42–1.57 0.15
 Van Wijk et al26 1.45 1.31–1.56 0.15
 Van Wijk et al26 1.52 1.47–1.56 0.15
 Friedman et al30 1.07 0.93–1.22 0.14
 Sung et al38 1.16 1.14–1.17 0.15
 Pooled 1.47 1.27–1.70 1.00 0.000
Diuretics versus CCBs
 Friedman et al30 1.08 0.99–1.19 0.19
 Taira et al25 2.01 1.90–2.20 0.20
 Van Wijk et al26 1.46 1.35–1.53 0.20
 Van Wijk et al26 1.15 1.06–1.22 0.20
 Van Wijk et al26 1.23 1.16–1.29 0.20
 Pooled 1.35 1.14–1.60 1.00 0.000
Depression versus no depression
 Rasmussen et al16 2.13 1.44–3.14 0.02
 Rasmussen et al16 1.81 1.07–3.07 0.01
 Perreault et al24 0.93 0.85–1.02 0.14
 Van Wijk et al26 1.10 0.99–1.14 0.19
 Van Wijk et al26 1.14 1.05–1.25 0.14
 Van Wijk et al26 1.03 0.94–1.12 0.15
 Siegel et al29 1.16 1.14–1.18 0.20
 Evans et al39 1.17 1.09–1.26 0.16
 Pooled 1.11 1.05–1.18 1.00 0.000
Low income versus higher
 Rasmussen et al16 1.05 0.91–1.11 0.09
 Rasmussen et al16 1.07 0.94–1.23 0.06
 Perreault et al24 1.34 1.26–1.42 0.09
 Van Wijk et al26 0.94 0.86–1.02 0.08
 Van Wijk et al26 1.19 1.15–1.23 0.09
 Van Wijk et al26 1.05 1.01–1.10 0.09
 Gogovor et al28 1.02 0.83–1.26 0.04
 Gogovor et al28 1.26 1.11–1.42 0.06
 Friedman et al30 1.10 1.08–1.12 0.10
 Corrao et al31 1.02 0.98–1.05 0.09
 Wong et al37 1.22 1.15–1.29 0.09
 Evans et al39 1.60 1.31–1.96 0.04
 Rasmussen et al40 0.98 0.90–1.14 0.09
 Pooled 1.12 1.06–1.18 1.00 0.000
Diabetics versus nondiabetics
 Rasmussen et al16 0.98 0.68–1.22 0.03
 Rasmussen et al16 1.16 0.85–1.38 0.02
 Setoguchi et al17 1.03 1.00–1.06 0.12
 Setoguchi et al17 1.03 0.99–1.06 0.11
 Degli Esposti et al20 0.50 0.17–0.76 0.04
 Perreault et al24 1.14 1.06–1.21 0.09
 Taira et al25 1.13 1.10–1.20 0.12
 Van Wijk et al26 1.01 0.92–1.09 0.09
 Van Wijk et al26 1.03 1.00–1.14 0.09
 Van Wijk et al26 1.17 1.10–1.24 0.09
 Gogovor et al28 1.11 0.92–1.27 0.04
 Gogovor et al28 1.19 1.07–1.29 0.06
 Siegel et al29 1.02 0.99–1.04 0.12
 Pooled 1.07 1.02–1.11 1.00 0.000
Black versus White
 Setoguchi et al17 1.23 1.19–1.27 0.15
 Setoguchi et al17 1.09 1.06–1.13 0.15
 Yang et al21 1.38 1.36–1.39 0.15
 Shaya et al22 1.55 1.30–1.71 0.13
 Van Wijk et al26 1.42 1.19–1.66 0.11
 Siegel et al29 1.08 1.07–1.09 0.15
 Yang et al21 1.28 1.27–1.30 0.15
 Pooled 1.27 1.14–1.42 1.00 0.000

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ACEIs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CCBs, calcium channel blockers.