Table 5.
Cardiovascular profile of the studied sample compared to the US and NY populations.
| HIV negative (21 or older) | HIV positive* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BARS (present study population) | NHANES (2009–2010) | NYC-HANES (2004) | BARS (present study population) | NHANES (2009–2010) | NYC-HANES† | |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| Mean ± SD (SE for NNAHES and NYC HANES) | 55.4 ± 17 | 47.3 ± 0.1 | 46.0 ± 0.7 | 46.7 ± 6.8 | 44.0 ± 0.6 | na |
| Median | 51 | 46 | 43 | 47 | 42 | na |
| Range | 81 | 59 | 68 | 30 | 35 | na |
| Male sex (%) | 73 | 50 (48–51) | 46 (43–48) | 75 | 74 (57–92) | 57 |
| Ethnicity (%) | ||||||
| NH whites | 74 | 66 (58–74) | 38 (36–41) | 17 | 22 (1–50) | 10 |
| Hispanics | 14 | 16 (9–23) | 26 (24–28) | 33 | 23.2 (15–31) | 30 |
| Black | 12 | 11 (9–13) | 23 (20–24) | 50 | 55 (28–82) | 55 |
| Hypertension (%) | 38 | 30 (27–33) | 26 (23–28) | 59 | 26 (8–44) | na |
| Diabetes (%) | 15 | 9.0 (8–10) | 8 (7–10) | 16 | 17 (1–43) | na |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 19 | 41 (38–53) | 31 (28–33) | 21 | 38 (1–82) | na |
| Smoking (%) | 48.5 | 20 (18–22) | 24 (21–26) | 52 | 36 (2–52) | na |
| Cocaine use (%) | 6 | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 41 | 20 (5–37) | na |
| ARV use** (%) | Not applicable | 53 | 53 (25–80) | na | ||
NHANES limited testing HIV serology to age range 20–59 years old.
For autopsy population, ARV use determined at the time of death.
Ref: Nguyen et al. AIDS. 2008 Jan 11; 22(2):281–287, unweighted estimates.
Risk factors definition: Hypertension (htn), diabetes (dm) and dyslipidemia in NHANES and NYC-HANES were limited to self-report of a physician diagnosis of htn or use of antihypertensives, self-report of a physician diagnosis of dm or use of hypoglycemic medications including insulin, and self-report of a physician diagnosis of dyslipidemia or use of hypolipemic drugs. Smoking was defined as individuals who reported smoking more than 100 cigarettes in their life time and who currently smoke either some or all days. Cocaine use was defined as present if it occurred over the year prior to the interview. HIV status in NHANES was determined by a positive ELISA HIV test in blood. The HIV results from NYC-HANES are not publicly available. For the NHANES and NYC-HANES prevalence of vascular risks factors, the estimates were weighted to account for oversampling and non-response. We used survey procedures to obtain the means and their standard errors. The analysis was carried out with SAS software, version 9.3 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC).
Abbreviations: ARV, antiretroviral therapy; na, not applicable; NYC, New York City; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.